B. F. Skinner’s theory of behavior

Vargas, Ernest A.

doi:10.1080/15021149.2015.1065640

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…National children Alliance (2019) attributes 90% of child abuse in the United States to alcohol‐induced behavior. The assertion is consistent with the study by Abbey, Zawacki, Buck, Clinton, and McAuslan (2001) which discovered that 50% of the sexual abuse in America is alcohol‐induced, and a study by Vargas (2017) linked childhood sexual abuse to alcohol. Similarly, Moncrieff, Drummond, Candy, Checinski, and Farmer (1996) found out that the majority of the victims of sexual abuse in America are addicted to alcohol.…”

Section: Literaturesupporting

confidence: 88%

Alcohol consumption and use of contraceptives: Evidence from 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey in Nigeria

Asogwa

Nkalu

Edeh

2021

Journal of Public Affairs

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Per capita alcohol consumption in Nigeria is high when compared with other countries in Africa. Alcohol induces social behaviors which include home violence, sexual harassment, unwanted pregnancy, and infidelity among couples. On the good side of it, couples who find themselves in alcohol consumption chose modern contraceptives use to prevent unwanted pregnancy. The objective of the paper is to examine the effect of alcohol consumption on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria. A probit regression model using data from the 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey was employed. The paper found that alcohol intake among couples has a significant effect on their decision to use modern contraceptives. The result also signified that educational level significantly affects the use of modern contraceptives. Other significant factors affecting modern contraceptive use were the partner's occupation, the number of living children per couple, and the wealth index. The paper recommended that counseling should be made at social gatherings for those who take alcohol to use contraceptives.

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Section: Literaturesupporting

confidence: 88%

Alcohol consumption and use of contraceptives: Evidence from 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey in Nigeria

Asogwa

Nkalu

Edeh

2021

Journal of Public Affairs

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“…This situation reflects that an entrepreneur does not simply look at and identify opportunities, but also seizes the opportunity to create a business. Moreover, behavioral changes can occur through stimuli and responses arising from the impact of the environment, education, and experience ( Vargas, 2015 ). Indirectly, this shows that entrepreneurship education does affect the behavior of students in the process of starting a business.…”

Section: Theory and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Entrepreneurship Education Affect Pre-start-up Behavior in Malaysia? A Multi-Group Analysis Approach

Othman

Juhdi

2022

Front. Psychol.

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This study investigates the moderating effect of students’ programs on entrepreneurship education aimed at pre-start-up and its effect on the students’ behavior. This study also attempts the level of entrepreneurship education and pre-start-up behavior among students. A survey was carried out among 441 final year students, including 214 students from business programs, and 227 students from non-business programs. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 22 and SmartPLS 3.3.0, to perform descriptive and multi-group analysis (MGA), including assessment of measurement invariance of the composite model (MICOM). The results reveal that all direct relationships were supported. It was also found that student programs do have a moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurship education and pre-start-up behavior. Furthermore, the results discovered that risk control is a crucial component of entrepreneurship education and should be highlighted in the curriculum. This study contributes to the literature by considering student programs as a moderator, a comparatively new factor in the pre-start-up behavior among university students at the tertiary level. Therefore, entrepreneurship education must be properly designed, and the co-curriculum must be properly organized, so that entrepreneurship will be the preferred career choice in the future.

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“…Dalby and Swan (2019) proved that iPad technology can be used to enhance formative assessment in science and math classrooms. These valid practices in technology-based assessment, especially smart boards-based assessment, can be supported by B. F. Skinner's theory of behavior (Vargas, 2017), especially operant conditioning (Skinner, 1937), in which reinforcement schedules are very important for learning behaviors such as time-based schedules, including fixed and variable intervals (Staddon & Cerutti, 2003). While launching smart boards with precisely fixed interval reinforcement schedules, especially when those positive reinforcers are delivered, smart board-based assessments are posited to help students quickly establish a series of positive operant behaviors and outcomes.…”

Section: Learning Performance and Theory Of Behaviormentioning

confidence: 88%

Smart Board-Based Assessment Outcomes of Implementing Outdoor Transdisciplinary Language Instruction for Pupils

et al. 2022

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Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine the potential outcomes of applying the outdoor transdisciplinary language instruction paradigm to primary school students’ cognitive and emotional improvement with smart boards as an assessment tool. Background: Traditional approaches to teaching English in primary schools do not give particular consideration to outdoor transdisciplinary learning for students’ cognitive and emotional improvement, especially in terms of effective assessment. Hence, in this study, outdoor drawing was integrated with teaching English to create a transdisciplinary paradigm and smart boards were adopted in the assessment. Methodology: A pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design using an equivalent control group was employed, in which learning performance, emotions (typically positive emotions), and reported satisfaction level were compared via an English vocabulary test, the Chinese version of PANAS, and a structured self-reported satisfaction instrument. E-prime 2.0 was used to register data for the three instruments and to complete the vocabulary identification phase while smart boards were adopted as an assessment tool to evaluate students’ learning performance. The data collected were analyzed using an independent t-test and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test using SPSS 22.0. Contribution: Unlike traditional research, which only utilized smart boards as presentation tools, this research provided evidence for the effective use of interactive technology as assessment tools for innovative language learning in primary school settings. Findings: Results indicated that outdoor transdisciplinary drawing developed more positive emotions and higher satisfaction among students and showed significantly higher learning performance compared with indoor transdisciplinary drawing. Moreover, smart board-based assessment scores showed that students were more effectively engaged as compared to E-prime-based assessment. Recommendations for Practitioners: The findings suggest that instructors should try to allow students to have more opportunities to explore language activities in school-based outdoor environments, which benefits their cognitive and emotional improvement. Moreover, using smart board-based assessments should be encouraged since more authentic performance could be elicited. Recommendation for Researchers: This research mainly focuses on the effects of learning environments and assessment tools in transdisciplinary language instruction. Hence, researchers can employ an updated design to focus on the transdisciplinary setting to investigate more interesting outcomes. Impact on Society: Schools should adopt more new interactive digital technologies to improve assessment for students’ innovative learning in different contexts, which can help students develop more transversal skills, benefiting their employers and making them even more competent. More critically, government support is needed to encourage schools to use emerging technologies for educational reform in the classroom, and linkages between technology vendors and schools could be encouraged to provide subsidies and other measures to less financially able schools. Future Research: Future research could explore the differences in the interaction effects of class type and learning environments on students’ learning outcomes. In addition, longitudinal assessments to investigate the intensity of the experimental intervention could provide more interesting results on the long-term effects and suggest more sustainable use.

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B. F. Skinner’s theory of behavior

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Alcohol consumption and use of contraceptives: Evidence from 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey in Nigeria

Alcohol consumption and use of contraceptives: Evidence from 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey in Nigeria

Does Entrepreneurship Education Affect Pre-start-up Behavior in Malaysia? A Multi-Group Analysis Approach

Smart Board-Based Assessment Outcomes of Implementing Outdoor Transdisciplinary Language Instruction for Pupils

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