<b>Ionic Reactions Occurring During Sulfuric Acid Catalyzed Alkylation. I. Alkylation of Isobutane with Butenes</b>

Hofmann, J. E.; Schriesheim, A.

doi:10.1021/ja00865a015

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such reactions produce heavy ends which were often unsaturated, light ends by fragmentation of heavier components (8,9 ) , or organic materials that built u p in the acid phase. Such reactions produce heavy ends which were often unsaturated, light ends by fragmentation of heavier components (8,9 ) , or organic materials that built u p in the acid phase.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative mechanism for production of dimethylhexanes has recently been postulated by Hofmann and Schriesheim (8,9). An alternative mechanism for production of dimethylhexanes has recently been postulated by Hofmann and Schriesheim (8,9).…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigators have studied the effect of varying the olefin (2,7,8 ) , the isoparaffin ( 2 ) , and the catalyst (7) ; the use of radioactive-tagged olefins ( 9 ) ; exchange reactions with alkyl halides (7) ; disproportionation tests (2,75) ; and alkylations involving butylene dimers and trimers ( 6 ) . Investigators have studied the effect of varying the olefin (2,7,8 ) , the isoparaffin ( 2 ) , and the catalyst (7) ; the use of radioactive-tagged olefins ( 9 ) ; exchange reactions with alkyl halides (7) ; disproportionation tests (2,75) ; and alkylations involving butylene dimers and trimers ( 6 ) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Alkylation of Isobutane with 1-Butene Using Sulfuric Acid as Catalyst at High Rates of Agitation

Mosby¹,

Albright²

1966

I&EC Product Research and Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

lsobutane was alkylated with 1 -butene in the presence of sulfuric acid in a small (24 ml.) stirred autoclave at various rates of agitation, 10" to 40" C., isobutane-1 -butene ratios of 2.5 to 1 and 5 to 1, average residence time in the reactor of 15 to 60 seconds, and volumetric acid-hydrocarbon ratios of 0.5: 1 to 2 : l . The sulfuric acid used as feed varied from 88 to 99% acid containing 1 to 2% water and the remainder organic materials formed in the alkylation reaction. The hydrocarbon product was analyzed using a gas chromatographic procedure for all major compounds through the CS range. Several C~O and higher peaks

show abstract

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Alkylation of Isobutane with 1-Butene Using Sulfuric Acid as Catalyst at High Rates of Agitation

Mosby¹,

Albright²

1966

I&EC Product Research and Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The species iC4= may be used for example. From Equation (2-lo), Table 2 [iC,'] = kg/klo (6) Referring to Table 1, Reactions (1-5) and (1-6) are serial, and there is the possibility that either (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) or (1-6) is rate limiting. Due to physical limitations of the reaction medium it cannot be readily ascertained if one is limiting.…”

Section: Table 3 Rate Constant Equatioxsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The kinetics of alkylation of isobutane with propylene

Langley

Pike

1972

AIChE Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 17‐reaction mechanism model was postulated to describe the alkylation of isobutane with propylene using sulfuric acid as the catalyst. The scheme was based on the Schmerling carbonium ion mechanism with modifications introduced to account to iC9 and iC10 formation. Solving the steady state rate equations for the rate constants a set of 17 equations of the form ki = f(rcj, rC k, …)/g (Ci, Ck, …) were obtained. Experimental measurements were made in an ideally mixed, continuous‐flow stirred‐tank reactor, and the necessary data were obtained to compute the rate constants from 65°F to 135°F. The reaction model was found to be valid in the range of 81°F to 135°F using a 95% sulfuric acid catalyst since the rate constants obeyed the Arrhenius theory. The results obtained at 65°F and 95% sulfuric acid showed significant departure from the model. This was possibly due to a change in reaction mechanism. There was an apparent change in selectivity of the catalyst when the concentration was lowered to 90% sulfuric acid. This resulted in increased rates of formation of iC9's and iC10's and decreased rates of formation of iC5's, iC6's and iC8's.

show abstract

“…HF is easily volatilized and harmful to the environment; thus, HF is no longer used as a catalyst in new alkylation plants . Although H 2 SO 4 is widely used in industry, there are several drawbacks in its alkylation processes . The quality of alkylates is limited by side reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensification of the Sulfuric Acid Alkylation Process with Trifluoroacetic Acid

Zhang

2018

AIChE Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

H 2 SO 4 alkylation of isobutane and butene is one of the primary commercial processes used to produce alkylates. This work presents a technology for the intensification of sulfuric acid alkylation with the addition of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). The addition of TFA increased the solubility of isobutane in H 2 SO 4 , decreased its viscosity, and adjusted the acidity of H 2 SO 4 . With the addition of TFA, the selectivity of C8 was dramatically improved from 36.8 to 95.7%. The TFA content, stirring speed, reaction temperature, volume ratio of acid to hydrocarbon (H/C), molar ratio of isobutane to 2-butene (I/O), reaction time, and reuse of H 2 SO 4 /TFA were also investigated in this work. Compared with the conventional process, the new technology provided a considerably higher quality alkylation with considerably lower energy consumption.

show abstract

Ionic Reactions Occurring During Sulfuric Acid Catalyzed Alkylation. I. Alkylation of Isobutane with Butenes

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Alkylation of Isobutane with 1-Butene Using Sulfuric Acid as Catalyst at High Rates of Agitation

Alkylation of Isobutane with 1-Butene Using Sulfuric Acid as Catalyst at High Rates of Agitation

The kinetics of alkylation of isobutane with propylene

Intensification of the Sulfuric Acid Alkylation Process with Trifluoroacetic Acid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About