B Lymphocyte-Deficiency in Mice Causes Vascular Dysfunction by Inducing Neutrophilia

Abstract

B lymphocytes have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and certain types of hypertension. In contrast to these studies, which were performed under pathological conditions, the present study provides evidence for the protective effect of B lymphocytes in maintaining vascular homeostasis under physiological conditions. In young mice not exposed to any known risk factors, the lack of B cells led to massive endothelial dysfunction. The vascular dysfunction in B cell-deficient mice was associated with an increased number of neutrophils in the circulating blood. Neutrophil depletion in B cell-deficient mice resulted in the complete normalization of vascular function, indicating a causal role of neutrophilia. Moreover, vascular function in B cell-deficient mice could be restored by adoptive transfer of naive B-1 cells isolated from wild-type mice. Interestingly, B-1 cell transfer also reduced the number of neutrophils in the recipient mice, further supporting the involvement of neutrophils in the vascular pathology caused by B cell-deficiency. In conclusion, we report in the present study the hitherto undescribed role of B lymphocytes in regulating vascular function. B cell dysregulation may represent a crucial mechanism in vascular pathology.

Frequency of seronegative cases in autoimmune hepatitis and their association with the systemic immune inflammation index

“…In a study conducted on mice with a B cell deficiency, it was reported that there was an increase in the number of neutrophils in the circulating blood. 22 Patients with snAIH exhibited higher neutrophil counts than patients with spAIH. This finding supports the suggested involvement of B cell deficiency in the pathogenic mechanism of snAIH.…”

Analysis of Immune and Inflammation Characteristics of Atherosclerosis from Different Sample Sources

“…Recent studies have shown that B cell production is significantly reduced in the bone marrow of aged mice and humans [ 48 ], Frasca et al found that aging downregulates B cell type switching in humans and mice [ 49 ]; in addition, hypercholesterolemia Apoe-/- mice and low-density lipoprotein-deficient mice have also shown that protective immunity of B cells can delay the progression of atherosclerosis, while the lack of B cells increases the occurrence of atherosclerosis [ 50 , 51 ]. Further studies have found that the lack of B cell in mice can lead to vascular endothelium dysfunction by inducing the increase of neutrophils, thereby leading to vascular diseases [ 52 ]. These studies demonstrate the importance of B cells in the development of atherosclerosis and may have a more significant impact on large vessel atherosclerosis than in carotid atherosclerosis, but more work is needed to confirm this speculation.…”

Immuno-modulatory role of baicalin in atherosclerosis prevention and treatment: current scenario and future directions

“…While the role of humoral immunity in AS development is little known to us since B cells are occasionally detected in atherosclerotic plaques. Studies on B-cell dynamics in atherosclerotic mice have yielded contradictory results: one indicates B cells mitigate AS, while another suggests B cells exacerbate it following B cell depletion ( 35 – 38 ). This discrepancy underscores the need for a comprehensive examination of B cell populations and their specific functions.…”