<b>Patterns of disease and treatment of cold sores</b>

Richardson, Vanessa N.; Davis, Scott; Gustafson, Cheryl J.; West, Cameron; Feldman, Steven R.

doi:10.3109/09546634.2013.789476

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Penciclovir is a synthetic acyclic guanine derivative, nucleoside analogue with antiviral activity used for the treatment of various herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. It has low toxicity and good selectivity (Richardson et al, 2013). During the preparation of drug substances, some of the critical starting materials, reagents, intermediates, solvents and by-products inevitably end up in the inished products as impurities in new commercial active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Selective and Sensitive Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Genotoxic Impurities in Penciclovir drug substance and its dosage forms using UPLC-MS/MS

P.Y.G¹,

B²,

Reddy³

et al. 2020

ijrps

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A selective, rapid and sensitive method was developed for the determination of genotoxic impurities (2-Amino-6-chloro purine and Bromo compound) in Penciclovir drug substance using RPUPLC-MS/MS. The chromatographic separation was performed on Kromasil C8 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) maintained at 45°C using 0.1%formic acids in water as buffer and acetonitrile through gradient programme. The flow rate was maintained at 0.5mL/min with an injection volume of 10 μL. For the quantification of genotoxic impurities, positive-electrospray ionisation (ESI) mode was selected. Penciclovir and its impurities were well separated within the shortest run time of 16min. The chromatographic method was developed, and the results of all validation parameters showed that the technique is well confined to the limits of ICH guidelines. The method has high sensitivity, and the limit of detection was found to be as low as 0.15 and 0.30 ppm for 2-Amino-6-chloro purine and Bromo compound. The recovery of 2-Amino-6-chloro purine and Bromo compound are found in the range of 80-120%. The linearity of peak area versus concentration was demonstrated in the range of LOQ - 150% level of impurities with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The method has proved too robust by introducing minuscule changes in the chromatographic parameters. The method was successfully validated and applied for Penciclovir drug substances and their dosage forms to determine the mentioned genotoxic impurities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Selective and Sensitive Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Genotoxic Impurities in Penciclovir drug substance and its dosage forms using UPLC-MS/MS

P.Y.G¹,

B²,

Reddy³

et al. 2020

ijrps

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“…Although the functions of host innate immunity such as type I IFN and innate immune cell activity are need to suppress HSV-1 replication and infection, the generation of both CD8 + and CD4 + T cells is ultimately required to inhibit viral infection, drive HSV-1 into latency, and repress reactivation. This review will summarize and discuss current findings of the T cell immune Zendri et al, 2005;Faron et al, 2016Genital herpes Nieuwenhuis et al, 2006Khoury-Hanold et al, 2016 Ocular Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) Burrel et al, 2013;Tsatsos et al, 2016Uveitis Krichevskaia et al, 2005van Velzen et al, 2013 Acute retinal necrosis Mora et al, 2009;Fong et al, 2014 Orolabial Cold sores Richardson et al, 2013;Chi et al, 2015Oral ulcers Sepulveda et al, 2005Nicolatou-Galitis et al, 2006 CNS Encephalitis Bradshaw andVenkatesan, 2016;Eriksson et al, 2016Meningitis Eisenstein et al, 2004Azadfar et al, 2014Alzheimer's disease Beffert et al, 1998Itzhaki et al, 1998 Fig. 1 Genome information and life cycle of HSV-1 (a) Structure of the HSV-1 DNA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response of T cells during herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection

Zhang

Liu

Wei

2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), a neurotropic member of the alphaherpes virus family, is among the most prevalent and successful human pathogens. HSV-1 can cause serious diseases at every stage of life including fatal disseminated disease in newborns, cold sores, eye disease, and fatal encephalitis in adults. HSV-1 infection can trigger rapid immune responses, and efficient inhibition and clearance of HSV-1 infection rely on both the innate and adaptive immune responses of the host. Multiple strategies have been used to restrict host innate immune responses by HSV-1 to facilitate its infection in host cells. The adaptive immunity of the host plays an important role in inhibiting HSV-1 infections. The activation and regulation of T cells are the important aspects of the adaptive immunity. They play a crucial role in host-mediated immunity and are important for clearing HSV-1. In this review, we examine the findings on T cell immune responses during HSV-1 infection, which hold promise in the design of new vaccine candidates for HSV-1.

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Chemical composition and antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities of Gallesia gorazema (Phytolaccaceae), a potential candidate for novel anti-herpetic phytomedicines

Júnior

Buzzi

Romanos

et al. 2013

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Patterns of disease and treatment of cold sores

Abstract: The trends observed may indicate that physicians are evolving their treatment strategies to implement newer antiviral medications. This may prove more efficacious for the treatment of cold sores.

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

A Selective and Sensitive Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Genotoxic Impurities in Penciclovir drug substance and its dosage forms using UPLC-MS/MS

A Selective and Sensitive Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Genotoxic Impurities in Penciclovir drug substance and its dosage forms using UPLC-MS/MS

Immune response of T cells during herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection

Chemical composition and antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities of Gallesia gorazema (Phytolaccaceae), a potential candidate for novel anti-herpetic phytomedicines

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