2016
DOI: 10.2174/1389450116666151001105622
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B1-Metallo-β-Lactamases: Where Do We Stand?

Abstract: Metallo-beta-Lactamases (MBLs) are class B β-lactamases that hydrolyze almost all clinically-available β-lactam antibiotics. MBLs feature the distinctive αβ/βα sandwich fold of the metallo-hydrolase / oxidoreductase superfamily and possess a shallow active-site groove containing one or two divalent zinc ions, flanked by flexible loops. According to sequence identity and zinc ion dependence, MBLs are classified into three subclasses (B1, B2 and B3), of which the B1 subclass enzymes have emerged as the most clin… Show more

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Cited by 183 publications
(175 citation statements)
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References 168 publications
(260 reference statements)
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“…Pairwise protein sequence alignments between all combinations of the three MBLs tested here (NDM-1, IMP-1, and VIM-2) have identities of approximately only 30%. 9,25 This diversity is also present at the active site where very few residues are essential for catalysis due to a mechanism that relies mostly on substrate interactions with the di-Zn(II) site. 9 However, this same property makes the di-Zn(II) active site an attractive target for inhibition by MBPs.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pairwise protein sequence alignments between all combinations of the three MBLs tested here (NDM-1, IMP-1, and VIM-2) have identities of approximately only 30%. 9,25 This diversity is also present at the active site where very few residues are essential for catalysis due to a mechanism that relies mostly on substrate interactions with the di-Zn(II) site. 9 However, this same property makes the di-Zn(II) active site an attractive target for inhibition by MBPs.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…MBLs possess a shallow active-site groove with one or two divalent zinc ions, bordered by flexible loops [8]. In NDM-1 this flexible hairpin loop moves over the zinc ion for hydrolysis and is later removed after the catalysis [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…MBLs are classified into three subclasses (B1, B2 and B3), according to sequence identity and zinc ion dependence, of which the B1 subclass included most clinically significant enzymes. Not many inhibitors have been successfully designed due to the nature of zinc ligands, catalytic mechanisms and the differences among the active site architecture [8]. The evolution of varied and detrimental range of β-lactamases has lost the effectiveness of β-Lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) which could play an important role in combating β-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacteria [10].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2021 However, NDM is already a highly efficient catalyst with broad substrate selectivity that encompasses all of the clinically-used classes of β-lactams, excepting monobactams. 18, 22 A need to alter substrate selectivity may not be a significant selective pressure placed on NDM-encoding microorganisms. In support of this idea, it is notable that most of the identified NDM variants confer only limited changes in catalytic activity and substrate selectivity.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%