Babesiosis of small ruminants in Sulaimani city Kurdistan – Iraq

Abdullah, Shadan Hassan

doi:10.29079/vol13iss2art300

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…During current survey PCR detected 69.8% prevalence which was higher so far within and outside Pakistan. The results of higher prevalence are in agreement with findings from Egypt [20], Iran [21,22] and Iraq [23] where up to 57% prevalence of Babesia in sheep has been reported. But contrary to present study, lower prevalence as low as just 5% was studied in Iran [21,24,25], Tunisia [26] and Turkey [27].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Active Surveillance of Babesia Infection and Risk Factors Involved, in Sheep Host, in District Multan, Pakistan

2019

IJBPAS

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This is the first cross sectional study in the region that involves the molecular detection of ovine Babesia from different farms located at different administrative towns in district Multan, Pakistan. Animal blood samples were screened for the presence of Babesia infection using PCR amplification assay. A total of 400 (69.8%) of 573 sheep investigated yielded 146 bp DNA and considered PCR positive for Babesia infection. The occurrences of Babesia spp. ranged from 57.9% to 83.6 0% from different towns of Multan. Statistically significant association (p <0.05) of ovine babesiosis was found in younger animal compared to older ones. Babesia infection was detected significantly higher in Lohi breed (71.3%) compared to Kajli (54.6%) and Khadali (44.4%) breeds respectively. Tick infestation and season was found significant risk factors for the spread of ovine babesiosis. The high occurrence of Babesia infection in this study highlights the need for proper control and preventive measure of ovine babesiosis.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Active Surveillance of Babesia Infection and Risk Factors Involved, in Sheep Host, in District Multan, Pakistan

2019

IJBPAS

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“…The disease is characterized by high temperature, anemia, restlessness, anorexia, and death. Babesiosis is seen in domestic animals, including sheep and goats, however the major economic impact of this infection is on the livestock industry worldwide due to high losses [ 231 , 250 , 266 ]. Babesiosis was investigated in blood samples of sheep and goats in Kurdistan-Iraq from June to September 2012 and four Babesia species were detected: B. ovis, B. motasi, B. foliata, and B. taylori .…”

Section: Tick-borne Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Babesiosis was investigated in blood samples of sheep and goats in Kurdistan-Iraq from June to September 2012 and four Babesia species were detected: B. ovis, B. motasi, B. foliata, and B. taylori . One species of tick vector H. anatolicum was found on these animals [ 231 ]. Babesia spp.…”

Section: Tick-borne Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases of Livestock in the Middle East and North Africa: A Review

Perveen

Muzaffar

Al-Deeb

2021

Insects

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Ticks are important vectors of an array of viral, bacterial and protozoan pathogens resulting in a wide range of animal and human diseases. There is limited information in the literature about tick species in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries, even though they have suitable climate and vegetation for ticks and their hosts. We reviewed the occurrence of tick species and the pathogens they transmit from the MENA on published papers from 1901–2020. We found taxonomic records of 55 tick species infesting livestock representing the following eight genera: Ornithodoros, Otobius, Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Ixodes, and Rhipicephalus. In addition, 15 pathogens were recorded causing diseases of significance, with Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever, theileriosis, babesiosis and anaplasmosis being widely distributed diseases in the region. In recent decades, there has been increasing trends in disease occurrence and movement associated with global movement of humans and global trade of animals. We suggest that disease control and prevention could be achieved effectively through good integration between public health, veterinary medicine and animal management, and ecological approaches. We recommend further research in the areas of tick ecology and tick born-disease transmission. Furthermore, we suggest evaluation and improvement of disease control policies in the region.

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“…As well as, our result partially agreed with Sulaiman et al (2010) in Mosul, who showed that the rate of infection was 15.4% from a total 175 goat and Iqbal et al (2011) revealed that the infection rate 16 (24%). However, disagreed with Abdullah and Mohammed (2014), who showed that, the rate of infection 16/25 (64%) from a total of 25 goats in Sulaimani city. Furthermore, Naderi et al (2017), in Iran, explained from a total of 51 sample 9 (2.3%) goats were infected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Classically microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears is used to detect Babesia infections (Abdullah andMohammed, 2014 andEsmaeilnejad et al, 2015). However, this method has a low sensitivity and requires expertise because these parasites have similar morphology and therefore, different species may be confused (Bilgic et al, 2017 andGholamreza et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Babesia ovis Isolated from Sheep and Goats in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region- Iraq

Hassan

2020

Polytechnic j.

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A total of 143 blood smears were obtained from sheep and goats (n = 98) and (n = 45), respectively, by jugular venipuncture between February 2019 and December 2019. Samples were examined for parasite occurrences. Results reveal that the prevalence of infection by the parasite was 12.24% and 11.11%, respectively (microscopically), while 20.41% sheep and 17.78% goats (molecular-based identification using 18S SSU rRNA sequence). Both methods revealed the specificity and sensitivity of the diagnostic assays. Phylogenetic analysis of Babesia ovis (MN309736-MN309745) displays that the pathogens identified in this study are clustered together, which indicating similar molecular characteristics. Overall, these results provide a better understanding that Babesiosis is highly prevalent in the study area and continuous monitoring of tick-borne pathogen in sheep and goats are essentially required in Erbil Province.

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Babesiosis of small ruminants in Sulaimani city Kurdistan – Iraq

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Active Surveillance of Babesia Infection and Risk Factors Involved, in Sheep Host, in District Multan, Pakistan

Active Surveillance of Babesia Infection and Risk Factors Involved, in Sheep Host, in District Multan, Pakistan

Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases of Livestock in the Middle East and North Africa: A Review

Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Babesia ovis Isolated from Sheep and Goats in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region- Iraq

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