Babesiosis Presenting as Acute Liver Failure

Nassar, Yousef; Richter, Seth

doi:10.1159/000485373

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In addition, this review discovered the following less commonly reported sequela or associated conditions: acute lung injury, pulmonary edema, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAHA) [11], thrombocytopenia [12], reactive hemophagocytosis or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) [13], hepatitis [14][15][16], hepatomegaly [14], splenomegaly [14], pancytopenia [17], septic shock [18], multiorgan failure, and even death [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nassar et al reported a report about an elderly gentleman who presented with fulminant liver failure found to be due to babesiosis. In this case it was presumed that the biliary tree was involved in the ongoing sepsis until Babesia was discovered on peripheral smear [16]. Curiously, there is also a report of a patient whose chronic hepatitis C resolved after co-infection with Babesia, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Ehrlichia (human granulocytic ehrlichiosis) [15].…”

Section: Multiorganmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These are likely extraordinary cases that do not fit the general pattern of Babesia. Nonetheless babesiosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis in cases involving shock or acute liver failure with no other explanation, especially in endemic areas, as misdiagnosis can lead to treatment delays and increased mortality [16].…”

Section: Multiorganmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Babesiosis: Appreciating the Pathophysiology and Diverse Sequela of the Infection

Ortíz¹,

Millhouse²,

Cox³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Babesiosis is a blood-borne disease found mainly in the United States caused by a parasitic piroplasm. While most infections are mild to moderate in immunocompetent hosts, life-threatening complications can occur in those with significant comorbidities like congestive heart failure (CHF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is sparse literature discussing the complications of Babesia microti infection or the pathophysiology and management thereof. A literature review was conducted to consolidate the current knowledge about the disease, pathophysiology, and proposed management of all potential complications based on risk factors and other clinical information. A MeSH cross-references strategy was employed in PubMed using the search terms "babesia" and "babesiosis" and the established associated conditions, and the search expanded to increase capture. Only papers written in the English language and discussing human subjects in the North American patient population were included. The initial search yielded 315 papers and, after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, a final number of 18 was reviewed. The various complications and pathophysiology thereof are then discussed according to organ system. Babesia is a subversive parasite associated with a variety of conditions. We hope a better appreciation of all potential presentations and complications will help clinicians manage this increasingly common zoonosis and reduce adverse effects. More research is recommended into the pathophysiology and prevention of complications following this and other tick-borne illnesses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multiorganmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Babesiosis: Appreciating the Pathophysiology and Diverse Sequela of the Infection

Ortíz¹,

Millhouse²,

Cox³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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show abstract

“…Treatment of babesiosis involves 7-10 days of atovaquone and azithromycin, or alternatively clindamycin and quinine [1,3,4,9]. Other regimens can be used in disease unresponsive to primary therapy, including atovaquone-proguanil; atovaquone, clindamycin or azithromycin, and doxycycline; or atovaquone, artemisinin, and doxycycline [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acalculous Cholecystitis: An Uncommon Presentation of Babesiosis

Khrais¹,

Ramasamy²,

Kumar³

2022

Cureus

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Human babesiosis is commonly caused by Babesia microti, an infectious protozoan with a preference for erythrocytes. We describe a case of babesiosis presenting with acute acalculous cholecystitis. A 74-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus presented with four days of fever, chills, dyspnea on exertion, and dark brown urine. A physical exam was notable for scleral icterus. Laboratory findings were significant for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of 518, total bilirubin of 7.4, and direct bilirubin of 6.2. Imaging, including abdominal ultrasound, CT abdomen and pelvis, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scans, demonstrated acute acalculous cholecystitis. On further history, the patient confirmed a recent hiking trip in Virginia. Further evaluation, including peripheral smear and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), was consistent with Babesia microti infection. Babesiosis is common in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States, and symptoms can range from asymptomatic infection to nonspecific malaise and fever to severe end-organ dysfunction. Diagnosis is via peripheral smear or PCR, which can be confirmed via serology. The combination of clindamycin and quinine or atovaquone and azithromycin are the cornerstones of pharmacotherapy. Acute acalculous cholecystitis is a very uncommon presentation of babesiosis. Babesia infection must be considered in the differential in a patient with nonspecific symptoms living in an endemic area.

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“…Babesia is a genus of parasites that belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa, Babesiosis is transmitted through the bite of infected Ixodes ticks, by blood transfusion or congenitally. In spite of fever is a hallmark of babesiosis, there are some no specified symptoms (Vannier et al 2015).The disease mostly occurs in the USA, but cases have also been reported in several European countries, in India, Egypt, Korea, Taiwan, and South Africa (Nassar and Richter, 2017). The main pathological event is lyses of Red blood cells lead to hemolytic anaemia which in heavy cases may lead to organ failure and death, (Gray et al, 2010).…”

Section: Babesia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Parasites Affects Local Rabbits in Iraq, a Review

2020

GJPHM

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Rabbits are animals affected by many different species of parasites, infection Lead to lower body weight gain compared with non-infected rabbits , while sever infection Lead to death , although rabbits are less likely to develop epidemic diseases, but they are exposed to diseases of care and malnutrition, as well as parasitic diseases .Turning to previous studies that dealt with the spread of blood parasites in rabbits is a protozoan parasite such as (scab body, Babesia sp., Theileria sp., Anaplasma sp., Trypanosom sp. ,Plasmodium sp.). The current study aimed to defiend of blood parasite in rabbit in Iraq . Despite, the few of research on this subject for this study of blood parasites that Infection of rabbits and suggestion development of a database of studies of blood parasites affecting rabbits in Iraq.

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Babesiosis Presenting as Acute Liver Failure

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Babesiosis: Appreciating the Pathophysiology and Diverse Sequela of the Infection

Babesiosis: Appreciating the Pathophysiology and Diverse Sequela of the Infection

Acalculous Cholecystitis: An Uncommon Presentation of Babesiosis

Blood Parasites Affects Local Rabbits in Iraq, a Review

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