Baboon Nursery Rearing Practices and Comparisons between Nursery-Reared and Mother-Reared Individuals

Brent, Linda; Bode, Anne

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-25640-5_14

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…If nursery rearing is truly more stressful than mother rearing, we would have expected to find higher NLR values in nursery‐reared individuals. Indeed, at other colonies, nursery‐reared baboons showed delayed growth, increased stress‐related behavior, poorer health, and shorter longevity compared to their mother‐reared counterparts (Brent & Bode, 2006). There may be several explanations or factors that contribute to this finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in captive olive baboons (Papio anubis): The effects of age, sex, rearing, stress, and pregnancy

Neal,

Achorn,

Schapiro

et al. 2024

American J Primatol

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In apes and humans, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used as a predictive indicator of a variety of clinical conditions, longevity, and physiological stress. In chimpanzees specifically, NLR systematically varies with age, rearing, sex, and premature death, indicating that NLR may be a useful diagnostic tool in assessing primate health. To date, just one very recent study has investigated NLR in old world monkeys and found lower NLR in males and nursery‐reared individuals, as well as a negative relationship between NLR and disease outcomes. Given that baboons are increasingly used as research models, we aimed to characterize NLR in baboons by providing descriptive data and examinations of baboon NLR heritability, and of the relationships between NLR, age, rearing, and sex in 387 olive baboons (Papio anubis) between 6 months and 19 years of age. We found that (1) mother‐reared baboons had higher NLRs than nursery‐reared baboons; (2) females had higher NLRs than males; and (3) there was a quadratic relationship between NLR and age, such that middle‐aged individuals had the highest NLR values. We also examined NLR as a function of transport to a new facility using a subset of the data. Baboons exhibited significantly higher transport NLRs compared to routine exam NLRs. More specifically, adult baboons had higher transport NLRs than routine NLRs, whereas juveniles showed no such difference, suggesting that younger animals may experience transport stress differently than older animals. We also found that transport NLR was heritable, whereas routine NLR was not, possibly suggesting that stress responses (as indicated in NLR) have a strong genetic component. Consistent with research in humans and chimpanzees, these findings suggest that NLR varies with important biological and life history variables and that NLR may be a useful health biomarker in baboons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in captive olive baboons (Papio anubis): The effects of age, sex, rearing, stress, and pregnancy

Neal,

Achorn,

Schapiro

et al. 2024

American J Primatol

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“…To create an SPF breeding colony, newborn infant baboons born to non‐SPF females must be separated at birth to prevent maternal transfer of all undesirable pathogens. When removed from the non‐SPF females, the neonates are raised in a nursery setting (i.e., nursery‐reared [NR] baboons) with same‐aged peers for the first 2 years following methods very similar to those previously employed at other facilities (Brent & Bode, 2006). There are also offspring born to SPF females who remain with their biological mother in their natal groups since they are already pathogen free (i.e., mother‐reared [MR] baboons).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of early rearing experiences on mutual eye gaze among captive olive baboons (Papio anubis)

Achorn,

Mulholland,

Hopkins

2023

Developmental Psychobiology

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Among human and nonhuman primates, mutual eye gaze (MEG) and gaze following are believed to be important for social cognition and communicative signaling. The goals of this study were to examine how early rearing experiences contribute to individual variation in MEG and to examine the potential role of genetic factors underlying this variation. Subjects included 93 female and 23 male baboons (Papio anubis) ranging from 3 to 20 years of age. Within the sample, there were 55 mother‐reared (MR) and 61 nursery‐reared (NR) baboons. MEG was assessed in four 60‐s test sessions. For each session, the duration, frequency, and bout length were recorded. Mean values were then calculated for each individual from the four sessions. A multivariate analysis of covariance revealed an overall significant main effect for rearing. Subsequent univariate analyses revealed significant rearing effects on mean bout length, but not mean duration or mean frequency, with MR baboons having longer bout lengths compared to NR baboons. Furthermore, mean bout length was found to be significantly heritable. These results indicate that rearing experiences, and to a small extent, genetic factors, affect patterns of mutual eye gaze ‐ in particular, bout length. These results differ from previous findings in MR and NR chimpanzees, further suggesting that rearing may impact MEG in a species‐specific manner that reflects the function of gaze in different primate species.

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Baboon Nursery Rearing Practices and Comparisons between Nursery-Reared and Mother-Reared Individuals

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in captive olive baboons (Papio anubis): The effects of age, sex, rearing, stress, and pregnancy

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in captive olive baboons (Papio anubis): The effects of age, sex, rearing, stress, and pregnancy

The effects of early rearing experiences on mutual eye gaze among captive olive baboons (Papio anubis)

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