Baby-friendly hospitals: only the better, but not the best

Assessment of Human Milk Intake by Breastfed Infants Using Deuterium Oxide Dose-to-Mother Technique in “Tumbuh Kembang Anak” Cohort, Indonesia

“…Among them, 23 infants received adequate amounts of breast milk for their growth (700 -1105 g.d -1 ), however there were still 7 infants who received breast milk that not adequate enough. Comparison of weight gain of the Indonesian exclusively breastfed infants in the present study with that reported in Sri Lanka (23 vs 22) g.d -1 for boys and (14 vs 21) g.d -1 for girls at 3 months of age, and (5 vs 9.8) g.d -1 for boys and (7 vs 12.2) g.d -1 for girls at 6 months [9], it appeared that the weight gain of the Indonesian exclusively breastfed girl infants aged 3 months was smaller compared to EBF girls infants from Sri Lanka, as well as for boys and girls of 6 months age. This is presumably some babies were not enough getting breast milk, some of them had a fever, cough or flu, and their energy were used for motoric activities, so their weight gain were not significant.…”

“…Andrade et al also mentioned that in general the average of breast milk intake of well-nourished mothers is approximately 640 to 820 mL.d -1 [21]. In Mexico, brest milk intake in infants aged 0-2 years was 758 ± 185 mL, and no difference was observed between urban and agricultural areas (P = 0.067) [9]. Bandara reported that Sri Lanka infants who are exclusively breasfed during the first 6 mo of life receive adequate nutrition for growth with breast milk average intake was 802 ± 156 g.d -1 [10].…”

“…Discrepancies in the reported exclusive breastfeeding and measured BM water by the deuterium oxide dose-to-mother method were found. At 3 months, this discrepancy was 77 % vs 10 %, and at 6 months, it was 36 % vs 14.2 %, respectively [9].…”