Bacillus kochii sp. nov., isolated from foods and a pharmaceuticals manufacturing site

Abstract

Three Gram-staining-positive, strictly aerobic, motile, catalase-positive, endospore-forming rods, designated WCC 4582 T , WCC 4581 and WCC 4583, were isolated from two different food sources and a pharmaceuticals production site. The three isolates were highly similar in their 16S rRNA gene sequences (100 % similarity) and groEL sequences (99.2-100 % similarity), Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopic fingerprints and other features tested. The isolates were most closely related to Bacillus horneckiae; the isolates and the type strain of B. horneckiae shared 97.6 % and 89.6 % 16S rRNA gene and groEL sequence similarities, respectively. The organisms grew optimally at 30 6C, at pH 7 and in the presence of 0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of WCC 4582 T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid (A1c) and the genomic DNA G+C content was 36.4 mol%. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain WCC 4582 T and B. horneckiae NRRL B-59162 T was 17 %. The three isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus kochii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WCC 4582 T (5DSM 23667 T 5CCUG 59877 T 5LMG 25855 T ).Microbial spoilage in food and contamination of pharmaceutical preparations pose a health risk to consumers and cause considerable economic losses in the industry. In particular, spore-forming bacteria are of importance, as they are heat resistant in food and endure desiccation and treatment with inorganic disinfectants, organic solvents and UV light in clean rooms. Formerly, the identification of spoilage micro-organisms was very costly and burdensome. Several research projects, therefore, developed an identification technology based on Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, which fulfilled the following criteria: ease of use, fast and reliable results, high sample throughput and low costs as no consumables are required. During the course of many studies in our laboratory, thousands of micro-organisms have been isolated from industrial environments and identified by this method and novel species have been discovered (Bleicher et al., 2010;Rieser et al., 2012; Schmidt et al., 2009Schmidt et al., , 2012.Strains WCC 4582 T and WCC 4583 were isolated from products of two dairies in south Germany and strain WCC 4581 was isolated from a clean room in a pharmaceuticals manufacturing site in north Germany. Isolation from the dairy products was carried out using tryptone soy agar (TSA; Roth) supplemented with 0.1 % glucose (TSGA) or tryptone soy broth (TSB; Roth) solidified with 15 g agar l 21 (TSBA); isolation from pharmaceutical clean room samples was carried out using TSA. For identification purposes, the FT-IR spectra of endospore-forming isolates were recorded as described by Kümmerle et al. (1998), Oberreuter et al. (2002 and Wenning et al. (2008) using an IFS-28B spectrometer and OPUS version 5.5 (Bruker Optics). The sample spectra were compared with a reference database for aerobic, mesophilic, spore-forming bacteria, including 770 spectra from 108 species...

Screening, identification and application of soil bacteria with nematicidal activity against root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) on tomato

“…However, the significant growth‐promoting effect on tomatoes was not observed in our study. B. kochii was isolated previously from food, and B. oceanisediminis was isolated from marine sediment in a previous study, but prior to this study these bacteria had not been evaluated against Meloidogyne spp. Both strains are widespread and here, for the first time, their nematicidal activity is confirmed.…”

Lipase-producing ability of bacteria from inasua (fish fermented product) from Central Moluccas, Indonesia

“…This also accords with previous research, which showed that B. Paramycoides from Thai prawn paste has lipase activity of 22 U.mL -1 (Daroonpunt et al 2019). B. kochiiwas only reported by Seiler et al (2012) as producing fatty acids from esterase lipase (C8) process. However, the result of lipaseproducing ability of B. kochii has not previously been described.…”

Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus kochii Oregon-R-modENCODE Strain BDGP4, Isolated from Drosophila melanogaster Gut

“…The Bacillus genus represents one of the oldest, most ubiquitous, and molecularly well-characterized bacterial clades. Bacillus kochii , first described in 2012, is aerobic, motile, and catalase positive ( 1 ). This report describes the first complete sequence of B. kochii Oregon-R-modENCODE strain BDGP4, associated with a sequenced Drosophila melanogaster host facilitating mechanistic studies of host–microbiome interactions.…”