Bacillus thermolactis sp. nov., isolated from dairy farms, and emended description of Bacillus thermoamylovorans

Coorevits, An; Logan, Niall A.; Dinsdale, Anna E.; Halket, Gillian; Scheldeman, Patsy; Heyndrickx, Marc; Schümann, Peter; Landschoot, Anita Van; Vos, Paul De

doi:10.1099/ijs.0.024240-0

Cited by 57 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…), and its description was recently amended (Coorevits et al . ). The N‐11 strain shares similar characteristics to the updated description of a spore‐forming, moderately thermophilic, Gram‐positive, rod‐shaped facultative anaerobe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Potential probiotic thermophiles isolated from mice after compost ingestion

Miyamoto¹,

Seta

Horiuchi

et al. 2013

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: The oral administration of a compost produced by the fermentation of marine animals with thermophiles confers health benefits for fish and pigs. This study aimed to isolate the beneficial bacteria from this compost that would modulate the physiological conditions of host animals. Methods and Results: The compost extract was orally administrated to germfree mice for 21 days, and thereafter, the culturable bacterial population within the caeca was surveyed. Sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA gene from the two predominant thermophilic isolates revealed organisms that were closely related to Bacillus thermoamylovorans and Bacillus coagulans. These bacteria could grow at 37°C, but more abundantly at 50-55°C, and they were minor components of the original compost extract. When an individual bacterial strain or a mixture of strains was administered to the conventionally maintained mice, their levels of faecal immunoglobulin A, an indicator of the gut immune response, were markedly raised. In addition, their feeding efficiency also changed among the tested mouse groups. Conclusions: These two kinds of thermophilic bacterial species, isolated from the caeca after compost ingestion to the germ-free mice, are candidate probiotics that could function in the mammalian gut. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study revealed that the compost used in agriculture can contain potential probiotic thermophiles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Potential probiotic thermophiles isolated from mice after compost ingestion

Miyamoto¹,

Seta

Horiuchi

et al. 2013

J Appl Microbiol

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“…On the other hand, there are some differences in characteristics between TAT105 and this species, such as motility, oxidation ability of some saccharides, and level of tolerance to NaCl. 22,28) Further study is necessary for reliable identification, although TAT105 may belong to this species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Bacillus sp. strain TAT105 as a biological additive to reduce ammonia emissions during composting of swine feces

Kuroda

Yasuda

Fukumoto

et al. 2015

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Bacillus sp. strain TAT105 is a thermophilic, ammonium-tolerant bacterium that grows assimilating ammonium nitrogen and reduces ammonia emission during composting of swine feces. To develop a practical use of TAT105, a dried solid culture of TAT105 (5.3 × 109 CFU/g of dry matter) was prepared as an additive. It could be stored for one year without significant reduction of TAT105. Laboratory-scale composting of swine feces was conducted by mixing the additive. When the additive, mixed with an equal weight of water one day before use, was added to obtain a TAT105 concentration of above 107 CFU/g of dry matter in the initial material, the ammonia concentration emitted was lower and nitrogen loss was approximately 22% lower in the treatment with the additive than in the control treatment without the additive. The colony formation on an agar medium containing high ammonium could be used for enumeration of TAT105 in the composted materials.

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“…In our experience, strains of B. thermoamylovorans are able to grow at 37°C but not at 30°C. The organism was first described as a nonsporogenous species (5,7), but in an amended species description the formation of spores was reported (8). The occurrence of B. thermoamylovorans in a gelatin production plant and at dairy farms has been reported (3,9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Bacillus thermoamylovorans Spores with Very-High-Level Heat Resistance Germinate Poorly in Rich Medium despite the Presence of ger Clusters but Efficiently upon Exposure to Calcium-Dipicolinic Acid

Berendsen

Krawczyk

Klaus

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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c High-level heat resistance of spores of Bacillus thermoamylovorans poses challenges to the food industry, as industrial sterilization processes may not inactivate such spores, resulting in food spoilage upon germination and outgrowth. In this study, the germination and heat resistance properties of spores of four food-spoiling isolates were determined. Flow cytometry counts of spores were much higher than their counts on rich medium (maximum, 5%). Microscopic analysis revealed inefficient nutrientinduced germination of spores of all four isolates despite the presence of most known germination-related genes, including two operons encoding nutrient germinant receptors (GRs), in their genomes. In contrast, exposure to nonnutrient germinant calcium-dipicolinic acid (Ca-DPA) resulted in efficient (50 to 98%) spore germination. All four strains harbored cwlJ and gerQ genes, which are known to be essential for Ca-DPA-induced germination in Bacillus subtilis. When determining spore survival upon heating, low viable counts can be due to spore inactivation and an inability to germinate. To dissect these two phenomena, the recoveries of spores upon heat treatment were determined on plates with and without preexposure to Ca-DPA. The high-level heat resistance of spores as observed in this study (D 120°C , 1.9 ؎ 0.2 and 1.3 ؎ 0.1 min; z value, 12.2 ؎ 1.8°C) is in line with survival of sterilization processes in the food industry. The recovery of B. thermoamylovorans spores can be improved via nonnutrient germination, thereby avoiding gross underestimation of their levels in food ingredients. Bacillus endospores (spores) are widely present in nature and may contaminate food ingredients and food products. Due to the intrinsic stability of spores, which allows them to withstand environmental insults, sufficient inactivation of spores in commercially sterile food products is a major challenge for the food industry (1-4).Bacillus thermoamylovorans produces spores with high-level heat resistance (3), and the spores are known to survive industrial food sterilization processes. The organism is facultatively anaerobic and has the ability to grow at temperatures between 40°C and 58°C (5, 6). In our experience, strains of B. thermoamylovorans are able to grow at 37°C but not at 30°C. The organism was first described as a nonsporogenous species (5, 7), but in an amended species description the formation of spores was reported (8). The occurrence of B. thermoamylovorans in a gelatin production plant and at dairy farms has been reported (3, 9). The genome sequence of one non-food-related B. thermoamylovorans strain from a biogas plant was published recently (6). Overall, the species has not been well characterized, and little is known about the spore properties that are important for control in foods, including spore resistance to various processing conditions and germination of spores that survive.When spores exit dormancy via germination, food spoilage can occur upon outgrowth. These processes have been well studied in Bacillus subtil...

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Bacillus thermolactis sp. nov., isolated from dairy farms, and emended description of Bacillus thermoamylovorans

Cited by 57 publications

References 38 publications

Potential probiotic thermophiles isolated from mice after compost ingestion

Potential probiotic thermophiles isolated from mice after compost ingestion

Utilization of Bacillus sp. strain TAT105 as a biological additive to reduce ammonia emissions during composting of swine feces

Bacillus thermoamylovorans Spores with Very-High-Level Heat Resistance Germinate Poorly in Rich Medium despite the Presence of ger Clusters but Efficiently upon Exposure to Calcium-Dipicolinic Acid

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