Back Muscles

A Unique Anatomical Variant of the Levator Scapulae Muscle: A Case Report

“…Mori termed the LSM as having a dorsal and ventral fasciculus [11]. The variation seen in our report is similar to his description of the first subtype of dorsal fasciculi, in which the accessory attachment is inserted into the cervical vertebrae and the inferior attachment is to an unidentifiable assortment of vertebrae (in this case, superomedial border of the scapula) [6], [11]. Reportedly, in a recent study regarding the morphometric properties of back muscles, the authors noted that a finding of a double headed LSM with a superomedial scapular border attachment indicating no literature describing our exact variation [12].…”

“…A study by Chotai et al found a portion of the LSM originating superiorly from the mastoid process [4]. Findings listed in Bergman's comprehensive encyclopedia of human anatomic variation note slips of an inferior portion of the muscle attaching to different sites of the scapula [6]. Another study by Lima et al found that the muscle had split inferiorly, with a medial band attaching to the anterior aspect of the rhomboid major muscle, and the lateral band attaching to the superior angle of the scapula [7].…”

An Unusual Back Muscle Identified Bilaterally: Case Report

“…A small number of variations have been reported in the literature for the serratus posterior muscles with most of these in regard to the number of ribs that they attach to. Most cases have reported a range from three to six digitations that can extend from as high as C4 all the way down to T5 [ 1 ]. Rarely, the SPS can be absent or have attachment to other regional muscles such as the erector spinae [ 1 ].…”

“…Most cases have reported a range from three to six digitations that can extend from as high as C4 all the way down to T5 [ 1 ]. Rarely, the SPS can be absent or have attachment to other regional muscles such as the erector spinae [ 1 ]. Typically, this muscle has an oblique orientation.…”

“…The serratus posterior superior (SPS) muscle arises as a thin aponeurosis from the lower part of the nuchal ligament, the spinous processes of the seventh cervical, and first two thoracic vertebrae and adjacent supraspinous ligaments [ 1 ]. It follows a lateral course ending as four digitations that insert lateral to the angle of the third, fourth, and fifth ribs [ 2 ].…”