Back Pain and the Postural and Behavioral Habits of Students in the Municipal School Network of Teotônia, Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Objetivos: verificar a prevalência de dor nas costas nos últimos três meses; identificar os hábitos posturais e comportamentais; e verificar se existe relação entre a dor nas costas e os hábitos de escolares do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Municipal de Ensino da cidade de Teutônia/RS. Método: trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico populacional, em que participaram 833 escolares de 5ª a 8ª séries de todas as Escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino da cidade de Teutônia. Os escolares responderam o questionário BackPEI que avaliou a dor nas costas e os hábitos comportamentais e posturais. A análise foi feita a partir de estatística descritiva, do cálculo das razões de prevalência (RP) e dos intervalos de confiança de 95%. A variável dependente foi a dor nas costas e as variáveis independentes foram as questões posturais e comportamentais. As RP foram realizadas por meio da análise multivariada, com variância robusta (a=0,05). Resultados: a prevalência de dor nas costas nos últimos três meses foi de 54,1%, a maioria referiu sentir dor uma vez por mês e 17,4% dos escolares referiram impedimento da realização das suas atividades diárias devido à dor. A análise multivariada demonstrou associação entre dor nas costas e tempo diário assistindo televisão (p = 0,046), postura adotada para dormir (p = 0,048) e sentar para escrever (p = 0,032). Conclusões: estes resultados são instigantes ao demonstrarem uma alta prevalência de dor nas costas em escolares, sugerindo ser urgente a necessidade do desenvolvimento de programas educativos e preventivos no âmbito escolar.

Pregnancy: Association of Risk and Protection Factors in Adolescence

“…26 In this context, it is important to note that this study included students up to 18 years old, while in the study were in Bauru only schoolchildren aged 11-14 years were evaluated, 8 similar to the age expected for scholarsenrolled in the study conducted in Teutônia, Rio Grande do Sul, with students from 5th to 8th grade. 25 Although no association was found between the variables analysed when analysing the relationship between back pain and gender among adolescents in Teresina, the ratio of prevalence of pain among boys and girls was equal to 1.12 (82% femaleversus73% in males).And, similar to what was demonstrated in this study, there was also no association between gender and back pain. 24,27 However, other studies have shown that males are less prone to experiencing back pain.…”

“…19 Regarding the prevalence of this symptom, Vitter et al 8 in a study of 1236 schoolchildren aged between 11and 14 years old in the city of Bauru, São Paulofoundthat 19.5% of respondents had low back pain.Further, in a study of 833 schoolchildren from the 5th to 8th grades in municipal schools of Rio Grande do Sul, the prevalence of back pain was found to be54.1% in the three-monthperiod before the survey. 25 The differences between the results of different studies on the prevalence of low back pain in adolescents can be partly attributed to the different methodologies used, the age of the subjects and even the geographical location of thestudies. 26 In this context, it is important to note that this study included students up to 18 years old, while in the study were in Bauru only schoolchildren aged 11-14 years were evaluated, 8 similar to the age expected for scholarsenrolled in the study conducted in Teutônia, Rio Grande do Sul, with students from 5th to 8th grade.…”

“…Moreover, the fact of presenting an early maturation, accompanied by hormonal changes that changes pain perception, could contribute to making women more susceptible to pain conditions. 21,25,27 As for the duration of the low back pain, most of the teenagers investigated here (76.15%) reported pain lasting between one and seven days.This result is consistent with that described in a study conducted in northwest England. 21 Additionally, although this finding could support the theory that low back pain in young people is, in most cases, a common living condition which resolves spontaneously with time, it should be analysed with caution, ascurrently it is known that children and adolescents who experience pain are thosewhich restate the symptom or pain in other body segments later in life.…”

“…25 Educational and therapeutic experiences have shown that the practice of leisure and sport activities in physical education is fundamental to the acquisition of healthy postural habits.Moreover, the right position to study and carry school supplies functions as an adjunct to treatment.Although this study did not investigate the associated factors in the onset of pain, the improper use of backpacks is an improper postural habitwhich can promote postural change, 18 empowering a problem that is already installed, and increasing the chances of occurrence of LBP. [18][19] Accordingly, Basso et al 31 demonstrated a correlation between the inappropriate use of backpacks and postural changes, being this correlation potentiated in children who have mouth breathing predominance.Thus, appropriate monitoring with guidelines and serial evaluations of research on postural changes,are the key role in early diagnosis and treatment of children and adolescents.…”

“…13 Furthermore, in astudy of schoolchildren in the 5th to 8th grade of the Rio Grande do Sulan association was found between the presence of pain and the daily time watching TV, sleeping posture adopted to sit and to write. 25 Regarding the relationship between body mass indexand posture, Roselletal. 15 identified postural changes in basically all axes analysed in individuals between 10 and 15 yearsold who were overweight.Souza et al 30 found similar results in a population of 1,141 individuals between 6 and18 years old in which there was association with valgus and overweight and obesity.Furthermore, Camargo and Pereira 31 also found a high prevalence of postural changes of the spine, especially hyperextension of the knees and hyperlordosis, in overweight and obese children.…”