Back-propagation and radio-holographic methods for investigation of sporadic ionospheric E-layers from Microlab-1 data

Radio Wave Propagation Phenomena from GPS Occultation Data Analysis

“…This effect can be effectively reduced by a number of different methods of ionospheric correction [10,52,53].…”

“…The radio occultation (RO) method employs the highly-stable radio waves transmitted at two GPS frequencies 1 f  1575.42 MHz and 2 f  1227.60 MHz by the GPS satellites and recorded at a GPS receiver onboard low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellite to remote sense the Earth's ionosphere and neutral atmosphere [4,5,10,11,17,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]46,47,[52][53][54][55][56][59][60][61]. When applied to ionospheric investigations the RO method may be considered as a global tool and can be compared with the global Earth-and space-based radio tomography [42,43].…”

“…One can obtain a relationship for the refractive attenuation of radio wave by multiplying equation (10) by ( ) a E r :…”

“…Under the geometric optics assumptions [18,19] (10) where 0 l is a unit vector oriented along the radio ray. The first and second relationships (9) are the eikonal equations.…”

“…Using the detected relationship, a possibility of determining the altitude, position, and inclination of plasma layers in the ionosphere from the RO data has been revealed [4][5][6][7][8]. The proposed calculation technique is simpler than the phase-screen [9] and back-propagation methods [10,11]. The detected relationship is also important for estimation of the total attenuation of radio waves in a satellite communication link by combining the analysis of information contained in the amplitude and phase channels of the radio-holograms.…”