Warnick and Landis provide an overview of the major models of intercultural relations to serve as a foundation for the subsequent chapters in this text. The reader will gain a greater understanding of how the emerging fi eld of cultural neuroscience can be applied to intercultural relations. Additionally, this chapter offers a brief guide to the book.Each year, millions of people travel into nations and cultures that bear signifi cant differences from their home milieus. The United Nations (Nations, 2013 ) estimates that in 2013 there were upwards of 232 million people living outside of their home cultures. Not surprising, the developed countries of Europe and North America receive the majority of immigrants, while Africa, Asia, and South America send the majority north. The 232 (3.2 million were tertiary students studying abroad (OECD, 2010 )) fi gure includes not only refugees and immigrants seeking economic or political safety but also people traveling for more less short-term stays (e.g., managers of enterprises). For all of them, the experience can be exciting or terrifying or merely slightly exciting as opposed to slightly bothersome. For some, the new country becomes their permanent home; for others it is but a temporary way station in their life's journeys. Some never adjust to the new environment, huddling with peers from the same home country and rarely venturing out into the uncomfortable world (Kidder, 1977 ).The purpose of this book is to hopefully bring together two research domains, which have heretofore remained distinct: intercultural relations and brain science. Intercultural relations has a rich history stretching back over more than half a century to at least the action research studies of Kurt Lewin (Lewin, 1946 (Benedict, 1934 ;Boas, 1911 ;Kluckholn & Strodtbeck, 1961 ).1 And, we are sure that even the ancient Greeks had something to say about the effect of moving into a new culture.The study of brain functioning has a rich history that can be traced back to ancient Egypt. Papyrus scrolls dating to approximately 3000-2500 BCE describe the earliest known attempt to understand how injury to specifi c brain regions produce certain behavioral profi les (Feldman & Goodrich, 1999 ). This case study approach to understanding human brain functioning was the primary research method until the 1930s when electrical stimulation of the brain in conscious humans was tested (Penfi eld, 1958 ). Similar methods, while rare, are still conducted to this day and even led to advancements in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., depression; (Mayberg et al., 2005 )).The contemporary study of brain functioning began with the advent of the positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These technologies allowed for the ability to see the movement of glucose and oxygen, respectively, and thus watch the metabolic activity in real time while the subjects were completing various tasks. The development of these technologies was followed by an explosion of neuro...