“…While social assistance is usually the major form of income support where it exists, it is often minimalist in developing countries (UNRISD, 2010, pp. 107–134) and facing attrition in many developed countries (Goldblatt and Lamarche, 2014). In addition, social assistance, without efforts to recognise women's existing contribution through unpaid work, to bring women into work, or to formalise informal work with attendant benefits (Heintz and Lund, 2012), is not enough 8…”