Background Rates of Acute Mountain Sickness-Like Symptoms at Low Altitude in Adolescents Using Lake Louise Score

Dallimore, Jon; Foley, Jo-ai; Valentine, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.wem.2011.10.001

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Among the remaining 102 articles, 7 were excluded from the summary measures including 1 study that was limited to children aged 4 to 11 years at 1605 m (5300 ft) of altitude 43 and a study of teenagers hiking at low altitudes but not associated with mountain sickness. 44 The final selection comprised 91 articles (66 944 participants) for AMS prevalence (eTable 2 in the Supplement) using 6 different instruments: the AMS-C, Hackett clinical score, the LLQS, the Chinese AMS score, the VAS(O), and the CFS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does This Patient Have Acute Mountain Sickness?

Meier

Collet

Locatelli

et al. 2017

JAMA

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The prevalence of acute mountain sickness increases with higher altitudes. The visual analog scale for the overall feeling of sickness at altitude, Acute Mountain Sickness-Cerebral, and clinical functional score perform similarly to the Lake Louise Questionnaire Score using a score of 5 or greater as a reference standard. In clinical and travel settings, the clinical functional score is the simplest instrument to use. Clinicians evaluating high-altitude travelers who report moderate to severe limitations in activities of daily living (clinical functional score ≥2) should use the Lake Louise Questionnaire Score to assess the severity of acute mountain sickness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does This Patient Have Acute Mountain Sickness?

Meier

Collet

Locatelli

et al. 2017

JAMA

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“…[ 8 ]. Studies performed at lower altitudes, reported AMS incidence ranging from 7.3% to 11.3% [ 54 ]. These findings suggest that at similar altitudes, the AMS incidence on children population is heterogeneous and can be associated with intrinsic factors such as gender and BMI [ 35 ] or extrinsic factors that are probably the same as those identified for adults, such as altitude reached, velocity of ascent, previous upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and time spent at HA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses at Rest and Exercise to High Altitude in Lowland Children and Adolescents

Lang

Vizcaíno-Muñoz

Jopia³

et al. 2021

Life

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During the last decades, the number of lowland children exposed to high altitude (HA) has increased drastically. Several factors may influence the development of illness after acute HA exposure on children and adolescent populations, such as altitude reached, ascent velocity, time spent at altitude and, especially, their age. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the resting cardiorespiratory physiological and submaximal exercise responses under natural HA conditions by means of the six-minute walking test (six MWT). Secondly, we aimed to identify the signs and symptoms associated with acute mountain sickness (AMS) onset after acute HA exposure in children and adolescents. Forty-two children and adolescents, 18 boys and 24 girls aged from 11 to 15 years old, participated in this study, which was performed at sea level (SL) and during the first 42 hours at HA (3330 m). The Lake Louise score (LLS) was recorded in order to evaluate the evolution of AMS symptoms. Submaximal exercise tests (six MWT) were performed at SL and HA. Physiological parameters such as heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate and arterialized oxygen saturation were measured at rest and after ending exercise testing at the two altitudes. After acute HA exposure, the participants showed lower arterial oxygen saturation levels at rest and after the submaximal test compared to SL (p < 0.001). Resting heart rate, respiratory rate and diastolic blood pressure presented higher values at HA (p < 0.01). Moreover, heart rate, diastolic blood pressure and dyspnea values increased before, during and after exercise at HA (p < 0.01). Moreover, submaximal exercise performance decreased at HA (p < 0.001). The AMS incidence at HA ranged from 9.5% to 19%, with mild to moderate symptoms. In conclusion, acute HA exposure in children and adolescent individuals produces an increase in basal cardiorespiratory parameters and a decrement in arterial oxygen saturation. Moreover, cardiorespiratory parameters increase during submaximal exercise at HA. Mild to moderate symptoms of AMS at 3330 m and adequate cardiovascular responses to submaximal exercise do not contraindicate the ascension of children and adolescents to that altitude, at least for a limited period of time.

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“…In fact, due to the unique characteristics of the Antarctic physical environment, the polar conditions may have magnified the risk of AMS when compared to incidence rates at similar altitudes [17,19,30]. Another reason for intensified AMS incidences may be related to false-positive results related to the confounding effects of "altitude-like symptoms" such as travel, change in routine, and anxiety [31]. In addition, the use of acetazolamide did not appear to reduce the incidence of AMS and had no statistical significance on activity data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Activity Patterns to Acute Mountain Sickness in South Pole Workers

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to evaluate the influence of physical activity on incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) by continuous activity monitoring in a free-living sample of South Pole workers over the initial 72 h at altitude exposure of 2,840 m (9,318 ft). Body Media activity monitors were worn by 47 healthy participants. AMS was defined by the Lake Louise symptom questionnaire. Venous blood samples were taken at sea level and approximately 48 h after high altitude exposure. AMS incidence was 34% (n=16/47) over the first 48 h and 40% (n=19/47) over 72 h. On day 2 at high altitude, individuals with AMS demonstrated a significantly greater increase in the percent change in physical activity metrics from baseline: total energy expenditure 19±13 vs. 5±7%, total steps 65±51 vs. 10±18%, metabolic equivalent of tasks 21±13 vs. 7±13%, and time spent performing moderate to vigorous physical activity 114±79 vs. 26±27% for individuals with AMS vs. no AMS, respectively, p<0.05. In addition, erythropoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor were 1.69 and 1.75 times higher, respectively, in those with AMS. In conclusion, workers who engaged in increased physical activity and activity intensity during initial exposure to the South Pole were more susceptible to developing AMS.

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Background Rates of Acute Mountain Sickness-Like Symptoms at Low Altitude in Adolescents Using Lake Louise Score

Abstract: This study shows that adolescents at low altitude reported a background incidence of symptoms that at high altitude would lead to a diagnosis of AMS.

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Does This Patient Have Acute Mountain Sickness?

Does This Patient Have Acute Mountain Sickness?

Physiological Responses at Rest and Exercise to High Altitude in Lowland Children and Adolescents

Relationship of Activity Patterns to Acute Mountain Sickness in South Pole Workers

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