Bacteria from Animals as a Pool of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Argudín, Maria Ángeles; Deplano, Ariane; Meghraoui, Alaeddine; Dodémont, Magali; Heinrichs, Amélie; Denis, Olivier; Nonhoff, Claire; Roisin, Sandrine

doi:10.3390/antibiotics6020012

Cited by 207 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 195 publications

(540 reference statements)

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“…The spread of antibiotic-resistance pathogens in the environment is a great concern in public health. Livestock species are a known reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) [33].…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A catalog of microbial genes from the bovine rumen unveils a specialized and diverse biomass-degrading environment

Huang

Ramayo-Caldas

et al. 2018

Preprint

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BackgroundThe rumen microbiota provides essential services to its host and, through its role in ruminant production, contributes to human nutrition and food security. A thorough knowledge of the genetic potential of rumen microbes will provide opportunities for improving the sustainability of ruminant production systems. The availability of gene reference catalogs from gut microbiomes has advanced the understanding of the role of the microbiota in health and disease in humans and other mammals. In this work, we established a catalog of reference prokaryote genes from the bovine rumen. ResultsUsing deep metagenome sequencing we identified 13,825,880 non-redundant prokaryote genes from the bovine rumen. Compared to human, pig and mouse gut metagenome catalogs, the rumen is larger and richer in functions and microbial species associated with the degradation of plant cell wall material and production of methane. Genes encoding enzymes catalyzing the breakdown of plant polysaccharides showed a particularly high richness that is otherwise impossible to infer from available genomes or shallow metagenomics sequencing.The catalog expands by several folds the dataset of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes described in the rumen. Using an independent dataset from a group of 77 cattle fed 4 common dietary regimes, we found that only <0.1% of genes were shared by all animals, which contrast with a large overlap for functions, i.e. 63% for KEGG functions. Different diets induced differences in the relative abundance rather than the presence or absence of genes explaining the great adaptability of cattle to rapidly adjust to dietary changes. Conclusions

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“…The spread of antibiotic-resistance pathogens in the environment is a great concern in public health. Livestock species are a known reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) [33].…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A catalog of microbial genes from the bovine rumen unveils a specialized and diverse biomass-degrading environment

Huang

Ramayo-Caldas

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…In 1951, Starr and Reynolds published the first report on suspected antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in livestock farming [127]. Since then, AMR are rapidly rising due to factors like global trade and the intense international transport of animals [128]. Harbarth et al (2015) refer to the fact that the extensive use of antibiotics always stressed bacteria to develop mutations, or recombinant pieces of DNA to resist antibiotic [129].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the OH-perspective, the same antibiotic is deployed in veterinary and human medicine [131]. Consequently, the transfer of resistant strains to humans can occur through food products, direct contact or contaminated environments [128]. AMR in horses was first documented in 1970 [132], almost twenty years after the first discovery in animals.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Horses as a Crucial Part of One Health

Lönker

Fechner

Wahed

2020

Veterinary Sciences

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One Health (OH) is a crucial concept, where the interference between humans, animals and the environment matters. This review article focusses on the role of horses in maintaining the health of humans and the environment. Horses' impact on environmental health includes their influence on soil and the biodiversity of animal and plant species. Nevertheless, the effect of horses is not usually linear and several factors like plant-animal coevolutionary history, climate and animal density play significant roles. The long history of the relationship between horses and humans is shaped by the service of horses in wars or even in mines. Moreover, horses were essential in developing the first antidote to cure diphtheria. Nowadays, horses do have an influential role in animal assisted therapy, in supporting livelihoods in low income countries and as a leisure partner. Horses are of relevance in the spillover of zoonotic and emerging diseases from wildlife to human (e.g., Hendra Virus), and in non-communicable diseases (e.g., post-traumatic osteoarthritis in horses and back pain in horse riders). Furthermore, many risk factors-such as climate change and antimicrobial resistance-threaten the health of both horses and humans. Finally, the horse is a valuable factor in sustaining the health of humans and the environment, and must be incorporated in any roadmap to achieve OH.Vet. Sci. 2020, 7, 28 2 of 17 crucial part in developing the first antidote to cure diphtheria. Since then, the rate of contact between domesticated horses and humans steadily increased. Nowadays, for example, horses play an important role in animal-assisted therapy. Furthermore, the detection of infectious diseases that affect both humans and horses are crucial, especially in cases of highly transmissible diseases. Beside infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as skeletal and joint diseases or metabolic disorders are of concern to both. Several risk factors concerning the health of humans and horses exist. Therefore, this article will give an overview of OH with a focus on horses and their relation to the environment and humans, along with the influence of other factors such as climate change (see Figure 1). Vet. Sci. 2020, 7, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 15 crucial part in developing the first antidote to cure diphtheria. Since then, the rate of contact between 46 domesticated horses and humans steadily increased. Nowadays, for example, horses play an 47 important role in animal-assisted therapy. Furthermore, the detection of infectious diseases that affect 48 both humans and horses are crucial, especially in cases of highly transmissible diseases. Beside 49 infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as skeletal and joint diseases or 50metabolic disorders are of concern to both. Several risk factors concerning the health of humans and 51 horses exist. Therefore, this article will give an overview of OH with a focus on horses and their 52 relation to the environment and humans, along with the influence of other factors such a...

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“…Previous studies have shown food and the environment to contain ARG found in pathogenic bacteria (12, 23, 24). Environmental reservoirs of ARG-containing pathogens include lakes and rivers (18), wastewater treatment plants (25, 26), houseflies (27), livestock (12, 28, 29), soil and manure (29, 30), retail meat products (12, 31–33), companion animals (5, 6, 8, 28, 34), alfalfa sprouts (35), retail spinach (15), and other vegetables (36).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes and integrons in commensal Gram-negative bacteria in a college community

Rubin¹,

Mussio²,

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Although the human intestinal microbiome has been shown to harbor antimicrobial drug-resistance genes (ARG), the prevalence of such genes in a healthy population and their impact on extraintestinal infections that occur in that community are not well established. This study sought to identify ARG prevalence and their mobile elements in the intestines of a healthy community population at a California university, and compared these genes to those found in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTI). We isolated Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) from fecal samples of healthy volunteers and screened them by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for ARG encoding resistance against ampicillin (AMP), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), gentamicin (GENT), and colistin (COL). We found antimicrobial resistant GNB from 85 (83%) of 102 non-redundant rectal swab samples. Sixty-seven (66%) of these samples contained ß-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaOXA,blaOXY), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) genes (dhfr-A17, dhfr-A7, dhfr-A5, dhfr-A21, dhfr-A1, dhfr-A15, and dhfr-B3), and aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA5, aadA1, and aadB). Integron sequences were found in 37 fecal samples. These genes were found in 11 different GNB species isolated from the fecal samples. The same ARG were found in E. coli strains isolated from patients with CA-UTI examined at the college outpatient health clinic. The high prevalence of clinically-common ARG and integrons harbored by GNB in the intestine of a healthy population suggest that human intestines may serve as a major reservoir of these mobile ARG that appear in E. coli strains causing extraintestinal infections in the same community.ImportanceIncreasing frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in human pathogenic bacteria has compromised our ability to treat infections. Since mobile antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) are readily exchanged between different species of bacteria through horizontal gene transfer, there is interest in investigating sources of these genes. The normal intestinal flora has been shown to contain a wide variety of ARG, which may have been introduced via food-containing AMR bacteria. We sought to assess the prevalence of ARG carriage in the intestines of a healthy population and determine if these ARG are found in E. coli strains that cause community-acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTI) in the same community. Our findings indicate that the human intestine may serve as an important reservoir as well as a site in which ARG are transferred into E. coli that cause UTI. Further research is needed to reduce ARG carriage and devise new strategies to prevent AMR infections.

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Bacteria from Animals as a Pool of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Cited by 207 publications

References 195 publications

A catalog of microbial genes from the bovine rumen unveils a specialized and diverse biomass-degrading environment

A catalog of microbial genes from the bovine rumen unveils a specialized and diverse biomass-degrading environment

Horses as a Crucial Part of One Health

Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes and integrons in commensal Gram-negative bacteria in a college community

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