Bacterial activity and community composition in stream water and biofilm from an urban river determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization and DGGE analysis

Araya, Rubén

doi:10.1016/s0168-6496(02)00394-x

Cited by 60 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The Proteobacteria were the predominant group in our investigation, accounting for 45 (50%) of 90 sequences, consistent with other investigations reporting high prevalence (20-50%) of Proteobacteria in bacterial communities in aquatic habitats [2,3,18] such as seawater [15,33], decaying salt marsh grass [7], and wastewater [7]. In potable water distribution systems, many bacterial species, including members of the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, low-G+C-content gram-positive bacteria, and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacterioides group, readily adhere to surfaces to form multispecies biofilms [39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Diversity of Bacterial Communities in Container Habitats of Mosquitoes

Ponnusamy

Stav

et al. 2008

Microb Ecol

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We investigated the bacterial diversity of microbial communities in water-filled, human-made and natural container habitats of the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in suburban landscapes of New Orleans, Louisiana in 2003. We collected water samples from three classes of containers, including tires (n=12), cemetery urns (n=23), and miscellaneous containers that included two tree holes (n=19). Total genomic DNA was extracted from water samples, and 16S ribosomal DNA fragments (operational taxonomic units, OTUs) were amplified by PCR and separated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The bacterial communities in containers represented diverse DGGE-DNA banding patterns that were not related to the class of container or to the local spatial distribution of containers. Mean richness and evenness of OTUs were highest in water samples from tires. Bacterial phylotypes were identified by comparative sequence analysis of 90 16S rDNA DGGE band amplicons. The majority of sequences were placed in five major taxa: Alpha-, Beta-and Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, and an unclassified group; Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the predominant heterotrophic bacteria in containers. The bacterial communities in human-made containers consisted mainly of undescribed species, and a phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences suggested

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Diversity of Bacterial Communities in Container Habitats of Mosquitoes

Ponnusamy

Stav

et al. 2008

Microb Ecol

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“…Metacommunity theory posits that high dispersal rates and short generation times of microorganisms render geographical distances less important than the local environment for community assembly and ensuing biodiversity patterns 106 . For ecosystems with low residence times, such as streams, mass effects through high dispersal are assumed to maintain microbial populations even in less favourable habitats, thereby shifting community composition away from strict dependence on local environmental conditions 105 .…”

Section: Box 2 Metacommunity Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inoculation of soil bacteria in stream water is likely to be a major driver of this difference 57,58 . Streamwater bacteria have also been reported to be less active and their communities more temporally fluctuating than their biofilm counterparts 106 .…”

Section: Box 2 Metacommunity Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecology and biogeochemistry of stream biofilms

et al. 2016

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The perception that most microorganisms live as complex communities that are attached to surfaces has profoundly changed microbiology over the past decades. Most, if not all, bacteria can form biofilms, which are communities of cells embedded in a porous extracellular matrix.Dental plaque, the microorganisms on catheters and implants that cause persistent infections and the fouling of ship hulls and pipework are all examples of biofilms with important implications for public health and industrial processes. Most contemporary biofilm research rests on the discovery made more than 35 years ago by Maurice Lock, Gill Geesey and Bill Costerton: bacteria attached to surfaces dominate microbial life in streams [1][2][3] . These microbiologists pioneered research into stream biofilms, also termed periphyton or epilithon, and described them as complex aggregates of bacteria, algae, protozoa, fungi and meiobenthos. The early study of stream biofilms also highlighted the relevance of interactions between microbial phototrophs and heterotrophs for energy fluxes and the role of the biofilm matrix as the site of extracellular enzyme activity and adsorption of dissolved organic matter (DOM) 3,4 .Since these early days, the study of the ecology and biogeochemistry of stream biofilms has slowly developed in the wake of thriving research on bacterial biofilms -often comprising 3 only a single strain, of interest to medical microbiology, rather than the polymicrobial communities found in stream biofilms -and on the microbial ecology of marine and lake planktonic communities 5 . Unlike bacterial biofilms grown in the laboratory, biofilms in streams are continuously exposed to a diverse inoculum that includes bacteria, archaea, algae, fungi, protozoa and even metazoa. These diverse biological 'building blocks', when combined with the dynamic flow of streamwater, generate biofilms with inherently complex and varying physical structures that have implications for microbial functioning and ecosystem processes 6 . In streams, biofilms are key sites of enzymatic activity 7 , including organic matter cycling, ecosystem respiration and primary production and, as such, form the basis of the food web.Why should we study the ecology and biogeochemistry of stream biofilms? Streams sculpt the continental surface, forming dense and conspicuous channel networks that can be thought of as ecological arteries that perfuse the landscape. Streams are connected to their catchments through various surface and subsurface flow paths and notably through the hyporheic zone in the streambed at the interface between groundwater and streamwater 8 . Microbial cells, solutes and particles enter streams through these flow paths and, en route to downstream ecosystems and ultimately to the oceans, they may interact with the biofilms that colonize the large surface area provided by the streambed as a 'microbial skin' (BOX 1). As a result, the streambed and its biofilm microbiome contribute to biogeochemical fluxes 8 . Indeed, stream biofilms are now recognized as su...

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“…However, the analysis of the chemical and physical characteristics of an ecosystem becomes limited when the objective is the understanding of its complexity as the biological components should also be taken into account. In this regard, many studies have demonstrated that knowledge of the structure and dynamics of the microbial community in rivers and streams is essential, mainly due to their role in several biogeochemical cycles (Brümmer et al, 2000;Araya et al, 2003;Kostanjšek et al, 2005). This is especially important for environments modified by anthropogenic action (Böckelmanna et al, 2000;Kenzaka et al, 2001;Tiquia, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the microbial community in a lotic environment to assess the effect of pollution on nitrifying and potentially pathogenic bacteria

et al. 2014

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This study aimed to investigate microbes involved in the nitrogen cycle and potentially pathogenic bacteria from urban and rural sites of the São Pedro stream. Water samples were collected from two sites. A seasonal survey of bacterial abundance was conducted. The dissolved nutrient content was analysed. PCR and FISH analysis were performed to identify and quantify microbes involved in the nitrogen cycle and potentially pathogenic bacteria. The seasonal survey revealed that the bacterial abundance was similar along the year on the rural area but varied on the urban site. Higher concentration of dissolved nutrients in the urban area indicated a eutrophic system. Considering the nitrifying microbes, the genus Nitrobacter was found, especially in the urban area, and may act as the principal bacteria in converting nitrite into nitrate at this site. The molecular markers napA, amoA, and nfrA were more accumulated at the urban site, justifying the higher content of nutrients metabolised by these enzymes. Finally, high intensity of amplicons from Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacteroides/Prevotella/Porphyromonas, Salmonella, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and the diarrheagenic lineages of E. coli were observed at the urban site. These results indicate a change in the structure of the microbial community imposed by anthrophic actions. The incidence of pathogenic bacteria in aquatic environments is of particular importance to public health, emphasising the need for sewage treatment to minimise the environmental impacts associated with urbanisation.Keywords: lotic environment, urbanisation, pollution, nitrifying microbes, pathogenic bacteria.Caracterização da comunidade microbiana em um ambiente lótico para acessar o efeito da poluição em bactérias nitrificantes e potencialmente patogênicas ResumoEste estudo objetivou investigar os micro-organismos envolvidos no ciclo do nitrogênio e bactérias potencialmente patogênicas das áreas urbanas e rurais do Córrego São Pedro. Amostras de água foram coletadas dos dois locais. Um levantamento sazonal da densidade bacteriana foi realizado. O teor de nutriente dissolvido foi avaliado. As técnicas de PCR e FISH foram realizadas para identificar e quantificar os micro-organismos envolvidos no ciclo do nitrogênio e bactérias potencialmente patogênicas. O levantamento sazonal revelou que a abundância bacteriana foi semelhante ao longo do ano na área rural, porém variou na região urbana. Altas concentrações de nutrientes dissolvidos na área urbana indicaram este como um sistema eutrófico. Considerando os micro-organismos nitrificantes, o gênero Nitrobacter foi encontrado, especialmente na região urbana, e pode estar atuando como a principal bactéria convertendo nitrito em nitrato nessa área. Os marcadores moleculares napA, amoA, e nfrA foram mais acumulados na área urbana, justificando o alto teor dos nutrientes metabolizados por essas enzimas. Finalmente, alta intensidade de amplicons para Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacteroides/Prevotella/Porphyromonas, Salmonella, S. aureus, P. aerug...

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Bacterial activity and community composition in stream water and biofilm from an urban river determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization and DGGE analysis

Cited by 60 publications

References 28 publications

Diversity of Bacterial Communities in Container Habitats of Mosquitoes

Diversity of Bacterial Communities in Container Habitats of Mosquitoes

The ecology and biogeochemistry of stream biofilms

Characterization of the microbial community in a lotic environment to assess the effect of pollution on nitrifying and potentially pathogenic bacteria

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