Bacterial Adherence in Oral Microbial Ecology

Gibbons, R. J.; Houte, J. van

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.29.100175.000315

Cited by 829 publications

(465 citation statements)

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“…mutans strains are rarely isolated from tongue surfaces (Gibbons & van Houte, 1975b); similarly, we could not isolate S. mutans serotype h from the tongue of monkeys. The distribution of total streptococci on the tongue surface in dental plaque of monkeys resembles that found in humans (Socransky & Manganiello, 197 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The Isolation and Characterization of Streptococcus mutans Serotype h from Dental Plaque of Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Beighton

Russell

Hayday³

1981

Microbiology

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A new serotype (h) of Streptococcus mutans was isolated from the dental plaque of monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Serotype h strains fermented mannitol and melibiose but not sorbitol or raffinose, failed to hydrolyse aesculin and arginine, did not produce hydrogen peroxide and were unable to grow in the presence of bacitracin at 2 units ml-l. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole-cell proteins showed serotype h strains to be closely related to strains of genetic group I11 (i.e. serotypes d and g). The serotype-specific antigen of serotype h contained glucose and galactose but was antigenically distinct from the polysaccharide antigens of serotypes a, d and g. Serotype h strains preferentially colonized developmental grooves of teeth and the proportion of serotype h in the plaque flora was greater in monkeys fed a sucrose-rich diet than in monkeys fed a starch-based diet. A serotype h strain was cariogenic for germ-free rats fed a high-sucrose diet, and serotype h strains appear to be implicated in the caries process in monkeys.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The Isolation and Characterization of Streptococcus mutans Serotype h from Dental Plaque of Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Beighton

Russell

Hayday³

1981

Microbiology

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“…Furthermore, it is known that the normal flora enhances the human capacity to resist infection (Sprunt and Redman 1968;Sanders 1969;Crowe et al 1973). Gibbons and Van Houte (1975) reviewed factors which had been postulated to account for the selection of the resident bacteria flora of the mouth. Many including narrow range of temperature, pH, redox potential, inhibitory substance as lysozyme, bacterial products including hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins are expected to influence bacterial selection in the mouth (Malamud 1985;Cole 1985) thus, modifying the resistance aptitudes on surface of the epithelium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Branhamella catarrhalis adherence to oropharyngeal cells and seasonal incidence of lower respiratory tract infections.

Mbaki

Rikitomi

Nagatake

et al. 1987

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Bacterial colonization of the oropharynx is the initial event in most lower respiratory tract infections. To study the role of bacterial adherence in lower respiratory tract infections caused by Branhamella catarrhalis (B. catarrhalis) in winter, in vitro adherence assays of the organism to human oropharyngeal cells were carried out in winter, spring, summer and autumn. A total of 57 adults of both sexes were studied from January to December 1985. Forty eight persons of 57 had chronic pulmonary diseases and the remaining 9 persons had other clinical entities and served as the control group. Predominance of lower respiratory tract infections caused by B. catarrhalis with high adherence rate was observed in winter. Adherence activity was moderate in spring and autumn and low in summer and accompanied by a similar incidence of lower respiratory tract infections with this bacteria. In addition, similar results were found in patients in whom investigations were done successively in the above four seasons. Bacterial adherence activity to cells however, was weak in winter in the control group. These results indicate that seasonal variation plays a significant role in the ability of B. catarrhalis to adhere to oropharyngeal cells. This is an important pathogenic factor correlated with the incidence of lower.respiratory tract infections in these patients. Branhamella catarrhalis ; adherence ; lower respiratory tract infections ; seasons

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“…Streptococcus mitis comprises a significant proportion of the bacteria of dental plaque and saliva and on the buccal mucosa (Gibbons & van Houte, 1975). It is capable of sucrose metabolism, as are all other oral viridans streptococci (Facklam, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isoelectric Focusing Studies on the -Fructofuranosidases and -Glucosidases of Streptococcus mitis

Sund

Linder

Andersson

1978

Journal of General Microbiology

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Extracts of Streptococcus mitis ATCC 903 were analysed for P-fructofuranosidase and a-glucosidase activities by isoelectric focusing in thin-layer polyacrylamide gels combined with zymogram procedures. Three bands of activity were visualized in the gels after incubation with sucrose (PI 4.05, 4.25 and 4.85) and three other bands after incubation with p-nitrophenyl a-D-ghcopyranoside (PI 3-90,4.45 and 4.65). The enzymes responsible for the reaction with sucrose were identified as P-fructofuranosidases (EC 3.2.1 .26) for the following reasons : identical enzyme bands were visualized in the gels after incubation with raffinose; no enzyme bands appeared in the gel after incubation with the a-glucosides maltose, turanose, trehalose and melezitose ; and the soluble fraction hydrolysed sucrose to equimolar amounts of glucose and fructose. I N T R O D U C T I O NStreptococcus mitis comprises a significant proportion of the bacteria of dental plaque and saliva and on the buccal mucosa (Gibbons & van Houte, 1975). It is capable of sucrose metabolism, as are all other oral viridans streptococci (Facklam, 1977). However, in contrast to s. mutans, s. sanguis and s. salivarius, s. mitis is generally devoid of glucosyl-and fructosyltransferase activities (Facklam, 1977). Apparently S. mitis utilizes other enzymic reactions to bring sucrose into the glycolytic pathway.Two types of enzymes hydrolysing the glycosidic bond in sucrose have been demonstrated in micro-organisms (Myrback, 1960) : P-fructofuranosidases (P-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase, EC 3.2.1 .26 ; invertase) and a-glucosidases (a-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3 . 2 . 1 .20). Sucrose phosphorylase (sucrose : orthophosphate a-glucosyltransferase, EC 2 . 4 . 1 .7), which catalyses the phosphorylytic decomposition of sucrose, has been found in some bacteria (Silverstein et al., 1967).In the present investigation the soluble fraction of extracts of S. mitis was analysed by isoelectric focusing in thin-layer polyacrylamide gels combined with zymogram procedures in order to separate and visualize enzymes active on P-fructofuranosidic and a-glucosidic linkages. The zymogram patterns showed three enzyme bands with substrate specificities characteristic of P-fructofuranosidase and three enzyme bands with a-glucosidase activity. Preparation of extracts. Bacteria were harvested 1 h after the exhaustion of the energy source or at the METHODS Growth medium and cultivation technique. Streptococcus mitis

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Bacterial Adherence in Oral Microbial Ecology

Cited by 829 publications

References 0 publications

The Isolation and Characterization of Streptococcus mutans Serotype h from Dental Plaque of Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

The Isolation and Characterization of Streptococcus mutans Serotype h from Dental Plaque of Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Correlation between Branhamella catarrhalis adherence to oropharyngeal cells and seasonal incidence of lower respiratory tract infections.

Isoelectric Focusing Studies on the -Fructofuranosidases and -Glucosidases of Streptococcus mitis

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