Bacterial alginate metabolism: an important pathway for bioconversion of brown algae

Zhang, Lanzeng; Xue, Likun; Zhang, Xiyue; Li, Yingjie; Wang, Lushan

doi:10.1186/s13068-021-02007-8

Cited by 55 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…49 Alginate is a linear anionic polysaccharide that provides structural function within the cell walls of brown algae. 50 Some bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, can synthesize alginate, as well. 51 However, most marine bacteria depolymerize algal-based alginate via alginate and oligoalginate lyase enzymes and eventually to its monomeric form.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discerning Poly- and Monosaccharide Enrichment Mechanisms: Alginate and Glucuronate Adsorption to a Stearic Acid Sea Surface Microlayer

Vasquez

Rogers

Carter-Fenk

et al. 2022

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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Poly- and monosaccharides are ubiquitous in the marine environment and are enriched in sea spray aerosol but the mechanisms for their enrichment are not fully understood. We expand upon previously defined co-adsorption mechanisms by investigating the co-absorption of alginate and its representative monomeric form, glucuronate, to a stearic acid monolayer as a function of saccharide concentration on an ocean proxy solution. Using Langmuir isotherms, surface-sensitive infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy, and Brewster angle microscopy, we demonstrate that the mechanism of co-adsorption significantly differs between alginate and glucuronate. We find that film thickness increases from ∼3.5 to 4.8 nm and from ∼3.5 to ∼3.7 nm upon co-adsorption of alginate and glucuronate to stearic-d35 acid monolayers, respectively, indicating that alginate forms multilayers underneath the monolayer. Glucuronate shows a different co-adsorption where it likely intercalates and induces significant reorganization within the monolayer. We quantify the Langmuir adsorption coefficients and half-saturation concentrations of both alginate and glucuronate co-adsorption to stearic-d35 acid. We find that alginate co-adsorption produces the Langmuir adsorption constants K alginate = 0.089 ± 0.015 and C 1/2,alginate = 11 ± 1.9 mg/L alginate and glucuronate co-adsorption produces K glucuronate = 0.081 ± 0.015 and C 1/2,glucuronate = 12 ± 2.3 mg/L glucuronate. Thus, we demonstrate that the use of monosaccharides alone as a proxy for saccharide enrichment is insufficient, and we provide important parameters for better representation of saccharides in marine aerosol investigations.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, alginate is the most abundant polysaccharide produced by brown algae and accounts for 15–60% of its dry weight . Alginate is a linear anionic polysaccharide that provides structural function within the cell walls of brown algae . Some bacteria, such as Pseudomonas , can synthesize alginate, as well .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discerning Poly- and Monosaccharide Enrichment Mechanisms: Alginate and Glucuronate Adsorption to a Stearic Acid Sea Surface Microlayer

Vasquez

Rogers

Carter-Fenk

et al. 2022

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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“…In addition, Vibrio halioticoli , as one of the most dominant species detected in our abalone in situ gut samples, together with other members like some closely relative type strains of our polysaccharides-enriched isolates existing multiple PLs (Fig. 2C), has been shown to directly participate in algae polysaccharide hydrolysis (51, 52). As previously defined, strain B1 should play a ‘scavenger’ role in the abalone gut, which does not produce enzymes for polysaccharide hydrolysis directly but takes up the hydrolytic products shared by other organisms (53).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

The first host-associated anaerobic isolate ofPsychrilyobacterprovides insights into its potential roles in the abalone gut

Liu

Wei

Lai

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Gut bacteria are essential to their hosts, but few studies have focused on marine animals.Psychrilyobacteris frequently related to various marine animals, but the relationship with host remains unknown due to lack of host-associated isolate or genomic information. Here, we combined of high-throughput sequencing, isolating and genomic analyses to uncover its potential role in host abalone. The high-throughput sequencing and literature compiling results indicated thatPsychrilyobacteris widely distributed in marine and terrestrial ecosystems with both host-associated and free-living lifestyles. It showed a strong preference for the guts of marine invertebrates, especially abalone, which generally persisted with high relative abundances. By mimicking the gut inner environment for enrichment, the first host-related pure culture ofPsychrilyobacterwas isolated from the abalone intestine. Phylogenetic, physiological and biochemical characterizations suggested that it represents a novel species namedPsychrilyobacter haliotisB1. Carbohydrate utilization experiments and genomic evidence indicated that B1 is good at fermenting diverse host-food-related monosaccharides and disaccharides but not polysaccharides, implying its critical roles in downstream fermentation instead of upstream food degradation in the gut. Furthermore, this strain showed potential to colonize the gut and benefit the host via different strategies, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) generation by fermenting carbohydrates and amino acids, and the production of diverse vitamins and antibiotics to support the host growth and antipathogenicity. To our knowledge, strain B1 represents the first host-related pure culture ofPsychrilyobacter, acting as a potential probiotic gut anaerobe dominating in diverse marine invertebrates.ImportancePsychrilyobacteris a globally distributing bacterial genus and with an inhabiting preference for guts of marine invertebrates. Due to the difficulty of cultivation and the limited genomic information, its role in host remains largely unknown. We isolated the first host-associatedPsychrilyobacterspecies from abalone gut and uncovered its functional potentials to the host through different mechanisms. Our findings provide some insights into the understanding of host-microbe interactions on a core taxon with the marine invertebrates, and the isolate has an application prospect as a probiotic in protection of marine animals.

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“…The monosaccharide is non-enzymatically converted and further reduced to 2-keto-3-deoxy- d -gluconic acid (KDG) subsequently entering into the Entner–Doudoroff (ED) pathway ( Takase et al, 2014 ; Hobbs et al, 2016 ). In this pathway, KDG is utilized by a two-step catalytic reaction under the sequential actions of 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate aldolase (KdgA) and kinase (KdgK) to produce glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and pyruvate ( Hobbs et al, 2016 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ), which are metabolized through tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to support cell growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Understanding the Alginate Catabolism in Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 by Proteomics Profiling

Huang

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The bacterial strain of Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 has demonstrated visible ability of degrading the cell wall of Laminaria japonica, and biochemical characterization has been performed on some individual enzymes to elucidate its genetic basis. However, it still remains elusive how strain ALW1 successfully breaks down the major cell wall component alginate polysaccharide and colonizes on its marine host. In this study, a mass spectrometry-based quantitative analysis of the extracellular and intracellular proteomes was introduced to elucidate the alginate degradation pathway in ALW1 strain. Mass spectrometry and biochemical assays indicated that strain ALW1 could effectively degrade alginate polysaccharide into disaccharides and trisaccharides within 12 h. Proteome analysis identified 156 and 1,047 proteins exclusively localized in extracellular and intracellular compartments, respectively, with 1,086 protein identities of dual localization. Functional annotation of the identified proteins suggested the involvement of diverse catalytic enzymes and non-catalytic molecules for the cleavage and metabolism of alginate polysaccharide. A simplified pathway was constructed to demonstrate the extracellular digestion, active transport, and intracellular conversion of alginate polysaccharide and its fragmented oligosaccharides, casting a picture of genetic loci controlling alginate catabolism by ALW1 strain. This study aims to provide a guide for utilization and genetic manipulation of the bacterial strain ALW1 for efficient alginate oligosaccharides production by fermentation.

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Bacterial alginate metabolism: an important pathway for bioconversion of brown algae

Cited by 55 publications

References 128 publications

Discerning Poly- and Monosaccharide Enrichment Mechanisms: Alginate and Glucuronate Adsorption to a Stearic Acid Sea Surface Microlayer

Discerning Poly- and Monosaccharide Enrichment Mechanisms: Alginate and Glucuronate Adsorption to a Stearic Acid Sea Surface Microlayer

The first host-associated anaerobic isolate ofPsychrilyobacterprovides insights into its potential roles in the abalone gut

Toward Understanding the Alginate Catabolism in Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 by Proteomics Profiling

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