Bacterial-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Cauliflower

Abstract

The market for nutraceutical molecules is growing at an impressive pace in all Western countries. A convenient source of bioactive compounds is found in vegetable waste products, and their re-use for the recovery of healthy biomolecules would increase the sustainability of the food production system. However, safe, cheap, and sustainable technologies should be applied for the recovery of these beneficial molecules, avoiding the use of toxic organic solvents or expensive equipment. The soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis is naturally endowed with several enzymes targeting complex vegetable polymers. In this work, a raw bacterial culture supernatant was used to assist in the extraction of bioactives using isothermal pressurization cycles. Besides a wild-type Bacillus subtilis strain, a new strain showing increased secretion of cellulases and xylanases, pivotal enzymes for the digestion of the plant cell wall, was also used. Results indicate that the recovery of compounds correlates with the amount of cellulolytic enzymes applied, demonstrating that the pretreatment with non-purified culture broth effectively promotes the release of bioactives from the vegetable matrix. Therefore, this approach is a valid and sustainable procedure for the recovery of bioactive compounds from food waste.

The importance of cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities ofBacillus subtilison dairy cow feed digestibility

“…PB5700 is a spontaneous swrA + derivative of the JH642 strain (GenBank accession no. CM000489.1) in which the auxotrophies caused by the trpC2 pheA1 mutations have been cured as described in Doria et al (2022). PB2OPT was derived from PB5700 by genetic optimization without the introduction of any exogenous DNA sequence, and is similar to OS58 (Doria et al, 2022).…”

“…CM000489.1) in which the auxotrophies caused by the trpC2 pheA1 mutations have been cured as described in Doria et al (2022). PB2OPT was derived from PB5700 by genetic optimization without the introduction of any exogenous DNA sequence, and is similar to OS58 (Doria et al, 2022). A patent application is under preparation for this strain; for this reason, additional details on the engineered strain are herein undisclosed.…”

“…Dwelling mainly in the upper layers of soil and in the plant rhizosphere, B. subtilis genome has evolutionary accumulated a large set of degradative enzymes (Earl et al, 2008); according to the Carbohydrate Active Enzymes database (CAZy; http://www.cazy.org/), the genome of the common laboratory strain of B. subtilis JH642 (Srivatsan et al, 2008;Smith et al, 2014) carries several genes encoding secreted enzymes involved in complex carbohydrates degradation (Lombard et al, 2016). This species, listed in the Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) recommended microorganisms intentionally added to food or feed (EFSA BIOHAZ Panel, 2022, 2023a, 2023b), was shown to colonize the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and poultry, in the form of vegetative cells (spores) or forming biofilms, thereby acting as probiotic (Bernardeau et Recently, from a common laboratory strain of B. subtilis, we derived an isogenic strain in which endogenous cellulases and xylanases production was optimized (Doria et al, 2022). These two strains do not differ for amylase, pullulanase and other hydrolytic enzymes biosynthesis.…”

“…Recently, from a common laboratory strain of B. subtilis , we derived an isogenic strain in which endogenous cellulases and xylanases production was optimized (Doria et al, 2022). These two strains do not differ for amylase, pullulanase and other hydrolytic enzymes biosynthesis.…”

An In Vitro Study on the Role of Cellulases and Xylanases of Bacillus subtilis in Dairy Cattle Nutrition

“…From a common laboratory strain of B. subtilis , we recently derived an isogenic strain in which the production of endogenous cellulase and xylanase was optimized [ 31 , 32 ], while the synthesis of additional hydrolytic enzymes, such as amylase, pullulanase, and proteases, also involved in feed degradability, remained unaltered.…”