Sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas, which can effectively
prohibit
the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, has been internationally
used in commercial food packaging to maintain high-quality food and
reduce the incidence of foodborne illnesses. However, the current
mainstream methods for SO2 detection are either large and
expensive instruments or synthesized chemical-based labels, which
are not suitable for large-scale gas detection in food packaging.
Recently, we discovered that petunia dye (PD), which is extracted
from natural petunia flowers, demonstrates a highly sensitive colorimetric
response to SO2 gas with its total color difference (ΔE) modulation reaching up to 74.8 and detection limit down
to 1.52 ppm. To apply the extracted petunia dye in smart packaging
for real-time gas sensing and food-quality prediction, a flexible
and freestanding PD-based SO2 detection label is prepared
by incorporating PD in biopolymers and assembling the films through
a layer-by-layer approach. The developed label is utilized to predict
grapes’ quality and safety by monitoring the embedded SO2 gas concentration. The developed colorimetric SO2 detection label could potentially be used as an intelligent gas
sensor for food status prediction in daily life, food storage, and
supply chains.