Bacterial chitinases and their application in biotechnology

Abstract

Wpłynęło w styczniu 2017 r. Zaakceptowano w marcu 2017 r. 1. Wprowadzenie. 2. Źródła chityny i jej struktura. 3. Chitynazy-budowa i działanie. 4. Bakterie produkujące chitynazy. 5. Rola chitynaz bakteryjnych w biotechnologii zielonej. 6. Wykorzystanie chitynaz w biotechnologii białej. 7. Wykorzystanie chitynaz w biotechnologii czerwonej. 8. Podsumowanie Bacterial chitinases and their application in biotechnology Abstract: Chitin, an insoluble linear β-1,4-linked polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature after cellulose. It is present in cell walls of several fungi, exoskeletons of insects and crustacean shells. Enzymatic hydrolysis of this polysaccharide is carried out in the presence of glycoside hydrolases-chitinases. They are produced by microorganisms, insects, plants, and animal, but it is the bacterial chitinases which play a fundamental role in degradation of the chitin. Chitinases and their products, chito-oligomers, have been of interest in recent years due to their wide range of applications in agriculture, medicine and industry. This review focuses on the enzymatic properties of the bacterial chitinases and their potential applications in various kinds of biotechnology. 1. Introduction. 2. Sources of chitin and its structure. 3. Chitinases-structure and function. 4. Chitinase-producing bacteria. 5. The role of bacterial chitinases in green biotechnology. 6. Application of chitinases in white biotechnology. 7. Application of chitinases in red biotechnology. 8. Summary

Characterization of New Multifunctional GH20 β-N-Acetylglucosaminidase From Chitinibacter sp. GC72 and Its Application in Converting Chitin Into N-Acetyl Glucosamine

“…Analysis of the hydrolysis products of N-acetyl chitinoligosaccharides (N-Acetyl COSs) indicated that NAGaseA capable of converting N-Acetyl COSs((GlcNAc) 2 -(GlcNAc) 6 ) into GlcNAc with hydrolysis ability order: (GlcNAc) 2 > (GlcNAc) 3 > (GlcNAc) 4 > (GlcNAc) 5 > (GlcNAc) 6 . Moreover, NAGaseA could generate (GlcNAc) 3 -(GlcNAc) 6 from (GlcNAc) 2 -(GlcNAc) 5 , respectively. These results showed that NAGaseA is a multi-functional NAGase with transglycosylation activity.…”

“…However, 35-45% of chitin biomass is discarded as waste due to lack of e cient re nery protocols, which leads to waste of resource and severe environmental problems [2,3]. N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc), the monomeric unit of chitin, possesses many speci c bioactivities and has been widely used in biomedical, food, and chemical industries [4][5][6]. Therefore, it is of economic and environmental value to realize the e cient production of GlcNAc from abundant chitin resources [7].…”

Characterization of a New Multifunctional GH20 β-N-Acetylglucosaminidase From Chitinibacter sp. GC72 and Its Application in Converting Chitin Into N-Acetyl Glucosamine

“…However, 35–45% of chitin biomass is discarded as waste due to a lack of efficient refinery protocols, which leads to waste of resources and severe environmental problems ( Wei et al, 2017 ; Zhou et al, 2017a ). N -acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc), the monomeric unit of chitin, possesses many specific bioactivities and has been widely used in biomedical, food, and chemical industries ( Bhattacharya et al, 2007 ; Suresh and Kumar, 2012 ; Kisiel and Kepczynska, 2017 ). Therefore, it is of economic and environmental value to realize the efficient production of GlcNAc from abundant chitin resources ( Gao et al, 2018 ).…”