Bacterial co-infection at hospital admission in patients with COVID-19

Moreno-García, Estela; Puerta‐Alcalde, Pedro; Letona, Laura; Meira, Fernanda; Dueñas, Gerard; Chumbita, Mariana; García‐Poutón, Nicole; Monzó, Patricia; Lopera, Carlos; Serra, Laia; Cardozo, Celia; Hernández‐Meneses, Marta; Rico, Verónica; Bodro, Marta; Morata, Laura; Fernández-Pittol, Mariana; Grafia, Ignacio; Castro, Pedro; Mensa, Josep; Martínez, José Antonio; Sanjuan, Gemma; Marcos, Ma Ángeles; Soriano, Álex; García-Vidal, Carolina

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.003

Cited by 62 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…2 A more recent observational study by Moreno-Garcia et al (February 2020-February 2021) reported that coinfections occurred in 9% of patients. 10 Although in this study both respiratory coinfections and bacteraemia caused by E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and H. influenzae were included, the results are similar to our findings. During the course of the pandemic, a wide use of steroids-frequently administered also before hospital admission-may have contributed to an increase in the proportion of bacterial coinfections.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

“…The Spanish colleagues found that patients with higher PCT values had more risk to be affected by coinfections than those with lower levels. 10 We found that the trend in PCT values (increase ≥50% in the first 72 h from admission) instead of the absolute value is associated with increased risk of coinfections, highlighting the need of PCT monitoring during the first 3 days from hospital admission.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 75%

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Predictors and outcomes of respiratory bacterial coinfections in patients with COVID‐19 admitted to hospital: An observational prospective study

et al. 2022

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supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 75%

Predictors and outcomes of respiratory bacterial coinfections in patients with COVID‐19 admitted to hospital: An observational prospective study

et al. 2022

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“…Additionally, antibodies against a number of bacterial coinfections that are often found in severe cases of COVID-19, such as Acinetobacter baumannii , Haemophilus influenzae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , etc. [ 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 ] remain to be explored for cross-reactivities with blood proteins implicated as autoimmune targets in COVID-19 coagulopathies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Sets of Autoantibodies Induced by SARS-CoV-2, Adenovirus and Bacterial Antigens Cross-React with Human Blood Protein Antigens in COVID-19 Coagulopathies

Root‐Bernstein

Huber

Ziehl

2022

IJMS

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COVID-19 patients often develop coagulopathies including microclotting, thrombotic strokes or thrombocytopenia. Autoantibodies are present against blood-related proteins including cardiolipin (CL), serum albumin (SA), platelet factor 4 (PF4), beta 2 glycoprotein 1 (β2GPI), phosphodiesterases (PDE), and coagulation factors such as Factor II, IX, X and von Willebrand factor (vWF). Different combinations of autoantibodies associate with different coagulopathies. Previous research revealed similarities between proteins with blood clotting functions and SARS-CoV-2 proteins, adenovirus, and bacterial proteins associated with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 infections. This study investigated whether polyclonal antibodies (mainly goat and rabbit) against these viruses and bacteria recognize human blood-related proteins. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and adenovirus recognized vWF, PDE and PF4 and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies also recognized additional antigens. Most bacterial antibodies tested (group A streptococci [GAS], staphylococci, Escherichia coli [E. coli], Klebsiella pneumoniae, Clostridia, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) cross-reacted with CL and PF4. while GAS antibodies also bound to F2, Factor VIII, Factor IX, and vWF, and E. coli antibodies to PDE. All cross-reactive interactions involved antibody-antigen binding constants smaller than 100 nM. Since most COVID-19 coagulopathy patients display autoantibodies against vWF, PDE and PF4 along with CL, combinations of viral and bacterial infections appear to be necessary to initiate their autoimmune coagulopathies.

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“…should always be considered, especially in critically ill patients. Recent reports showed a higher incidence of co-infections and superinfection in patients with COVID-19, especially in severe cases requiring mechanical ventilation [ 104 – 109 ].…”

Section: Inflammatory Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory viruses: their importance and lessons learned from COVID-19

et al. 2022

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Respiratory virus infection can cause severe illnesses capable of inducing acute respiratory failure that can progress rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is related to poor outcomes, especially in individuals with a higher risk of infection, such as the elderly and those with comorbidities,i.e.obesity, asthma, diabetes mellitus and chronic respiratory or cardiovascular disease. Despite this, effective antiviral treatments available for severe viral lung infections are scarce. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demonstrated that there is also a need to understand the role of airborne transmission of respiratory viruses. Robust evidence supporting this exists, but better comprehension could help implement adequate measures to mitigate respiratory viral infections. In severe viral lung infections, early diagnosis, risk stratification and prognosis are essential in managing patients. Biomarkers can provide reliable, timely and accessible information possibly helpful for clinicians in managing severe lung viral infections. Although respiratory viruses highly impact global health, more research is needed to improve care and prognosis of severe lung viral infections. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical characteristics, management and prognosis of patients with severe infections due to respiratory viruses.

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Bacterial co-infection at hospital admission in patients with COVID-19

Cited by 62 publications

References 15 publications

Predictors and outcomes of respiratory bacterial coinfections in patients with COVID‐19 admitted to hospital: An observational prospective study

Predictors and outcomes of respiratory bacterial coinfections in patients with COVID‐19 admitted to hospital: An observational prospective study

Complementary Sets of Autoantibodies Induced by SARS-CoV-2, Adenovirus and Bacterial Antigens Cross-React with Human Blood Protein Antigens in COVID-19 Coagulopathies

Respiratory viruses: their importance and lessons learned from COVID-19

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