Abstract:a b s t r a c tThe paper reports the results of an experimental campaign carried out on a University of Cape Town (UCT) integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) membrane bioreactor (MBR) pilot plant. The pilot plant was analysed in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrients removal, kinetic/stoichiometric parameters, membrane fouling and sludge dewaterability. Moreover, the cultivable bacterial community structure was also analysed.The pilot plant showed excellent COD removal efficiency throughou… Show more
“…As shown in Fig. 13 , it was proved that increasing influent flow had no significant effect in terms of BOD 5 and NH 4 -N removal; this may be ascribed to the activity of biomass attached to the media in aeration tank that supports the addition of both heterotrophic and nitrifier bacteria (Randall & Sen, 1996 ; Sirianuntapiboon & Yommee, 2006 ), but a significant effect in terms of TSS and COD removal was observed, and this could be ascribed to complex degradation of low-strength substrate (Mannina et al, 2017 ). Fig.…”
Conventional activated sludge system is confidently widely used for biological treatment plants of municipal wastewater but suffering from operation problems that affect their efficiencies and effluent qualities, especially when treating low-strength wastewater with increasing incoming flow. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the novel methods used in upgrading conventional activated sludge treatment systems receiving low-strength wastewater to generate good effluent quality. GPS-X Simulator V 8.0 was used for model calibration and plant performance prediction. The calibrated GPS-X model proved that eliminating primary settling from the treatment process does not affect BOD5 and COD removal, while TSS removal is decreased, and NH4-N removal is increased. Increasing the return activated sludge flow from 50 to 150% of influent flow does not affect conventional activated sludge process, while the change of waste activated flow had a vital effect on process performance. The presence of an anoxic zone in conventional activated sludge processes treating low-strength wastewater has no significant impact on plant performance. Also, the model outputs proved that adding filling media to the aeration tank was able to handle an increase of influent flow and a stable performance of BOD5, and NH4-N removal was observed.
“…As shown in Fig. 13 , it was proved that increasing influent flow had no significant effect in terms of BOD 5 and NH 4 -N removal; this may be ascribed to the activity of biomass attached to the media in aeration tank that supports the addition of both heterotrophic and nitrifier bacteria (Randall & Sen, 1996 ; Sirianuntapiboon & Yommee, 2006 ), but a significant effect in terms of TSS and COD removal was observed, and this could be ascribed to complex degradation of low-strength substrate (Mannina et al, 2017 ). Fig.…”
Conventional activated sludge system is confidently widely used for biological treatment plants of municipal wastewater but suffering from operation problems that affect their efficiencies and effluent qualities, especially when treating low-strength wastewater with increasing incoming flow. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the novel methods used in upgrading conventional activated sludge treatment systems receiving low-strength wastewater to generate good effluent quality. GPS-X Simulator V 8.0 was used for model calibration and plant performance prediction. The calibrated GPS-X model proved that eliminating primary settling from the treatment process does not affect BOD5 and COD removal, while TSS removal is decreased, and NH4-N removal is increased. Increasing the return activated sludge flow from 50 to 150% of influent flow does not affect conventional activated sludge process, while the change of waste activated flow had a vital effect on process performance. The presence of an anoxic zone in conventional activated sludge processes treating low-strength wastewater has no significant impact on plant performance. Also, the model outputs proved that adding filling media to the aeration tank was able to handle an increase of influent flow and a stable performance of BOD5, and NH4-N removal was observed.
“…The mechanism and design of the IFAS process have been widely investigated for enhancing nitrogen removal in the conventional activated sludge (CAS) process by treating municipal wastewater [17,24]. A good balance in organics and nutrients removal has been reported by the IFAS system [51]. Nitrogen removal of the BNR system was affected by various parameters, especially the bacterial community of the biomass [52].…”
Section: Enhancing Nitrogen Removal Mechanism Of Ifas Processmentioning
Integrated fixed-film activated sludge technology (IFAS) has a great advantage in improving nitrogen removal performance and increasing treatment capacity of municipal wastewater treatment plants with limited land for upgrading and reconstruction. This research aims at investigating the enhancing effects of polyethylene (PE) carrier and nitrifying bacteria PE (NBPE) carrier on nitrogen removal efficiency of an anoxic/aerobic (A/O) system from municipal wastewater and revealing temporal changes in microbial community evolution. A pilot-scale A/O system and a pilot-scale IFAS system were operated for nearly 200 days, respectively. Traditional PE and NBPE carriers were added to the IFAS system at different operating phases. Results showed that the treatment capacity of the IFAS system was enhanced by almost 50% and 100% by coupling the PE carrier and NBPE carrier, respectively. For the PE carrier, nitrifying bacteria abundance was maintained at 7.05%. In contrast, the nitrifying bacteria on the NBPE carrier was enriched from 6.66% to 23.17%, which could improve the nitrogen removal and treating capacity of the IFAS system. Finally, the ammonia efficiency of the IFAS system with NBPE carrier reached 73.0 ± 7.9% under 400% influent shock load and hydraulic retention time of 1.8 h. The study supplies a suitable nitrifying bacteria enrichment method that can be used to help enhance the nitrogen removal performance of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The study’s results advance the understanding of this enrichment method that effectively improves nitrogen removal and anti-resistance shock-load capacity.
“…COD can be useful in pinpointing toxic condition and presence of biological resistant substances. Besides, MBBR and IFAS system which are adopted in RWTP are proven to improve the amount of COD up to 95% [21], [22]. There are 66% of total effluents BOD are not achieved to the range published by INWQS Class IIB (Fig 5).…”
Section: Effluent Water Qualitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[28] Nitrification process able to specific reduce ammonia content by Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (Annamox). [29], [30] In pilot case study, from a retrofit Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) to IFAS was conducted by Zhao 2018, the IFAS unit able to reduce 90% of CBOD and 96% of AN. [31].…”
The quality of Klang river water is deteriorating dramatically since it is in urban places every day and become one of the major problems. Therefore, the Malaysian government had initiated one river cleaning project named River of Life (ROL) project. This project is for rehabilitating and restoring the Klang river. A series of river water treatment plant (RWTP)s have been operated in Klang river catchment since 2014. Six RWTPs station has been monitored up to eight stations until presents. Eight parameters consisting of physio-chemical types and biological types have been recorded. RWTP effluent discharges are targeted to achieve Malaysia Interim National Water Quality Standard (INWQS) under Class II B. Since previous RWTP performance only emphasized on local river pollutants and certain conditions, this paper will investigate the effectiveness of full-scale RWTP unit process for river condition. Water quality assessment are involved which are consist of effluent water quality monitoring and pollutant removal efficiency. Most of the major pollutants able to be reduced by more than 50% reduction. Although BOD and AN still not able to achieve standard range gazetted by INWQS Class IIB, there is an improvement of river water quality at Klang River by using IFAS technology adopted in the RWTP system.
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