Bacterial Contaminants and Antibiogram of Ghana Paper Currency Notes in Circulation and Their Associated Health Risks in Asante-Mampong, Ghana

Yar, Denis Dekugmen

doi:10.1155/2020/8833757

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In previous studies, different types of bacteria in different currency notes were detected, [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] and, to best of our knowledge, the current study is the first to report the detection of A. radioresistens in Sudanese banknotes. Therefore, strategies and measures necessary to protect the currency handlers such as washable plastic currency and other preventive measures might be required.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Contamination of Sudanese Banknotes with Acinetobacter radioresistens

2021

TJNPR

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Although, A. radioresistens is regarded as commensal, it has been associated with both topical and systemic infections including bacteremia and life threatening diseases. [5][6][7] Moreover, A. radioresistens has been reported to be associated with patients who did not respond to antimicrobial therapy resulting in death. 8 A. radioresistens has been implicated with rapid development of antimicrobial resistance, possibly due to the fact that it is harboring genome or plasmid encoded blaOXA-23 oxacillinase gene, with ability of horizontal gene transfer to nearby bacteria. The ability of A. radioresistens to quickly exchange information, mainly by conjugation or transformation, combined with surviving desiccation and harsh environment conditions for longtime has attracted the clinicians attention. [9][10][11] The infections caused by this genus are difficult to be controlled due to rapid mutations, various virulence factors, and rapid development of antibiotic resistance to various antimicrobial agents. 12 The shortage of reports regarding information related to the identification of A. radioresistens, occurrence and virulence factors in developing countries like Sudan, as well as developed countries, might increase the fear of perceived misdiagnosis and treatment errors. 8,10,13 The shortage of control strategies appeared in several hospitalized cases associated with multiple drug resistant bacterial strains, identified later as carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter strain, poses a significant challenge to healthcare providers. 11,[14][15][16] The traditional methods of microbial identification might not be suitable for accurate identification of A. radioresistens. Nonetheless, genotypic method such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the matrix-

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Contamination of Sudanese Banknotes with Acinetobacter radioresistens

2021

TJNPR

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“…The growth of bacteria on Blood and MacConkey Agar were sub-cultured onto Nutrient Agar (Oxoid) and MacConkey Agar respectively to obtain pure isolates. The subculture plates were incubated for 12 to 24 hours at 37 o C. Standard microbiological methods were used to examine each isolate previously described [13].…”

Section: Culture and Morphological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pure colonies were subjected to biochemical tests as previously described [13]. For Grampositive cocci, catalase and coagulase tests were performed to distinguish Streptococci from Staphylococci Coagulase test was carried out to differentiate Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS) such as Staphylococcus epidermidis from Staphylococcus aureus (positive).…”

Section: Biochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mobile Phones of Healthcare Workers are Possible Source of Nosocomial Infections: Evidence from Asante-Mampong Municipal Government Hospital, Ghana

Yar

Gyapong

Roland

et al. 2021

MRJI

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Background: The users of mobile phones often contaminate them with several microflorae including viruses, fungi, and bacteria via unhygienic conditions and habits making phones a breeding ground and a tool for the transmission of infections. This study examined microbial contamination of mobile phones of health care workers (HCWs) and the risk of nosocomial infections at the Mampong Municipal Government Hospital (MMGH), Ghana. Methods: We employed a cross-sectional study design to characterize bacterial microflora on mobile phones of HCWs at the MMGH. A random sample of thirty-five [1] mobile phones of HCWs was swabbed for microbiological analysis from the Dental, Children, Male, Theatre and Laboratory departments. A 0.1 ml sterile buffered peptone water was used to make a uniform suspension of each sample and streaked on blood agar and MacConkey agar and incubated at 37℃ for 48 hours. Bacteria were isolated and identified using suitable laboratory and biochemical methods. Analysis of data was done using SPSS-IBM version 16. Results: All cell phones were contaminated with one or more species of bacteria. Cell phones from Male, Dental and Laboratory departments had 85.7%, 71.4% and 57.1% prevalence of bacterial contamination respectively while Children’s and Theatre departments each recorded 28.6%. Bacterial contaminants identified were Staphylococcus epidermidis (G+) (37%), Staphylococcus aureus (G+) (26%), E. coli (G-) (20%), Bacillus spp. (G+) (11%) and Klebsiella spp. (G-) (6%.). Apart from the Children’s Ward, E. coli was isolated at all study sites and the most prevalent (42.9%) at the Dental Unit. Klebsiella spp (G-) (28.6%) was isolated only at the Children’s ward. Conclusion: Mobile phones of HCWs harboured possible pathogens that could cause nosocomial infections among patients. Therefore, strict handwashing practices should be adhered to by HCWs before and after phone use before contact with the patient to reduce the risk of nosocomial infections. This has become even more relevant in the wake of Covid-19 pandemic.

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“…The most commonly described pathogenic bacterial genera are Escherichia (E. coli), Klebsiella, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, and Proteus [7,[14][15][16]. In recent literature, several studies have also explored the potential of antibiotic-resistant strains transmission via the currency notes [7,10,13,14,[16][17][18][19][20]. Most of these studies have reported the presence of pathogens-causing foodborne illnesses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening paper currency for Mycobacterium tuberculosis using loop-mediated isothermal amplification

Nimesh¹,

Rigzin²,

Joon³

2022

J Appl Biol Biotech

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Paper currency notes are the most commonly exchanged fomites which can be contaminated and have the potential to transmit pathogenic organisms. The presence of tuberculosis causative bacteria on the most commonly circulated Indian currency notes was investigated using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Out of 1,000 random samples of 10-rupee Indian currency notes, 11.3% tested positive for the presence of genomic DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It was observed that soiled/old notes are more likely than new currency notes to harbor M. tuberculosis. This study demonstrates the novel application of LAMP technique for screening fomites for the presence of pathogens.

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Bacterial Contaminants and Antibiogram of Ghana Paper Currency Notes in Circulation and Their Associated Health Risks in Asante-Mampong, Ghana

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Contamination of Sudanese Banknotes with Acinetobacter radioresistens

Contamination of Sudanese Banknotes with Acinetobacter radioresistens

Mobile Phones of Healthcare Workers are Possible Source of Nosocomial Infections: Evidence from Asante-Mampong Municipal Government Hospital, Ghana

Screening paper currency for Mycobacterium tuberculosis using loop-mediated isothermal amplification

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