Bacterial Contamination of Drinking Water in Guadalajara, Mexico

Rubino, Francesca; Corona, Yahaira; Pérez, José Guadalupe Jiménez; Smith, Charlotte

doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0053.v2

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For example, many households in Guadalajara, Mexico, who were connected to the public water supply did not drink it because of unpleasant odors or colors (Rubino, Corona, Jiménez Pérez, & Smith, 2019). In the Yucatan, although most houses interviewed had access to tap water, the vast majority did not drink it, and would instead buy bottled water because of the tap's perceived low quality (Guardiola, González‐Gómez, & Grajales, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio‐environmental confounders of safe water interventions

Smiley

Stoler

2020

WIREs Water

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The international development community spends billions of dollars annually on safe drinking water projects globally in low-and middle-income settings. These projects are driven by the World Health Organization's Joint Monitoring Programme metrics that rely on indirect measurements of water insecurity via water source and fetching time, with tacit acknowledgment of price inelasticity. But the success of water interventions, as framed by these metrics, is often tempered by the reality that people do not always use the safest, nearest, or least expensive water source. Drinking water interventions are confounded by diverse social and environmental factors that shape household water seeking behaviors in unexpected or underappreciated ways. These caveats to human water-related behaviors are littered throughout the drinking water literatureoften as an anecdote to a given study's primary findings-and present significant barriers to providing universal safe water as outlined by Sustainable Development Goal 6. We review and categorize these socio-environmental confounders into six themes at multiple scales: social relations, water properties, intermittency, affordability, fetching practices, and physical and mental health. We illustrate how efforts to mitigate drinking water insecurity are complicated by the interaction of these social and physical processes. We highlight emerging metrics that enable a richer assessment of household water insecurity, and emphasize the importance of transdisciplinary approaches to improve the effectiveness of clean water interventions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio‐environmental confounders of safe water interventions

Smiley

Stoler

2020

WIREs Water

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“…[ 17 ] Bacteriological quality of drinking water from WCDs was analyzed using the standard method of MPN, which is widely used for drinking water quality measurement. [ 18 19 20 ] According to Thailand standard of drinking water, the recommended coliform bacteria should be at least 2.2 MPN/100 ml, while the 10 of 53 WCDs exceeded the standard. These data are comparable with research by Rakkamon et al (2012) where coliform bacteria were found in all WCDs at a university in Thailand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water and Hygienic Assessment of Water Cooler Dispensers in Higher Education Institution

Precha,

Rattanaphan,

Galiga

et al. 2022

International Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Background: The bacteriological quality of drinking water has become a public health concern according to its association with water-borne diseases. Nowadays, there are several different types of drinking water, including water cooler dispensers (WCDs), which are becoming a popular device in educational institutions. Therefore, this study aims to determine the bacteriological quality of drinking water from WCDs, and inspect their hygienic conditions in students’ dormitories at a university in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Methods: Water samples from 53 WCDs installed in 13 dormitories were collected and analyzed coliform bacteria by using the multiple-tube fermentation technique. The hygienic inspection form from the Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, was used for inspection of the sanitary conditions. The hygienic factors of water cooler sanitation were analyzed using the generalized linear model. Results: Coliform bacteria were found in 10 out of 53 samples; moreover, Escherichia coli was recovered in three samples. Maintenance/cleaning and monitoring were the most two sanitary issues found in 100% (53/53) of the WCDs. Location and features of machine were found the correlation with the prevalence of coliform bacteria in drinking water. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest regular monitoring of water quality in educational institutions. Also, the Sanitary Standard and Operational Procedures (S.S.O.P.) should be developed to improve the hygienic conditions of the water cooler dispensers.

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“…Clean water at home using tanks in Guadalajara, half of the samples examined for coliform content exceeded the limit, while E. coli was not detected (Rubino et al, 2019). Research in Central Lombok found that dug well water sources contaminated by Escherichia coli bacteria contained 2 well water samples, namely 14 per 100 mL and 16 per 100 mL (Supardan, 2018) .…”

Section: Escherichia Coli Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Bacteriological quality and environment risk of water pollution of dug wells on Semau Island, Indonesia

Kusmiyati

Waangsir

Mauguru

et al. 2022

ijhs

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Dug wells are a source of clean water used by many people in Indonesia. Poor quality water can have negative effect on public health. This study was to obtain an overview of the bacteriological quality of water and the risk of water pollution of dug wells on Semau Island, Indonesia. The research design was a cross-sectional study. The research location was on Semau Island (8 villages), one dug well was taken for each village as a sample. Observations and laboratory examinations were conducted to determine environment risk factors, total coliform, Escherichia coli and total bacterial. The results showed that the total coliform in 6 samples exceeded standards, E. coli were found in all samples, the total plate number ranged 85-190 CFU/ml. The dug wells environment showed that 50% are at a distance of <10m from the source of pollution, 100% no waste water drainage, 62% there were cracks on the floor, 62% of the well 3 meters deep no plastered, 82% no fence. Some samples had poor bacteriological quality and environment risk factors for contamination, it is necessary to improve the facilities and environmental of the wells and treat water before consumption.

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Bacterial Contamination of Drinking Water in Guadalajara, Mexico

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Socio‐environmental confounders of safe water interventions

Socio‐environmental confounders of safe water interventions

Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water and Hygienic Assessment of Water Cooler Dispensers in Higher Education Institution

Bacteriological quality and environment risk of water pollution of dug wells on Semau Island, Indonesia

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