Bacterial croup: A historical perspective

Nelson, Waldo E.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(84)80356-x

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Risk factors that are associated with the development of tracheobronchitis include virus-induced impairment in mucocilliary clearance of organisms [6,22], immune deficiency [23] and mechanical ventilation [24]. In one study of patients >60 years, COPD and antimicrobial therapy during the 2 weeks preceding intensive care unit admission was significantly associated with nosocomial tracheobronchitis [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracheobronchitis Caused by Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> as a Cause of Chronic Wheezing in a Non-Ventilated Adult Patient with Tracheobronchomalacia

Kelesidis¹,

Osman²,

Trayner

et al. 2009

Respiration

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Bacterial tracheobronchitis is an extremely rare entity, which was long considered to be a pediatric disease. We report the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with persistent wheezing, worsening productive cough and sore throat. Computed tomography of the chest revealed the presence of tracheomalacia, confirmed at bronchoscopy. The presence of purulent exudate, coating the trachea and main bronchi, was consistent with bacterial tracheobronchitis. Culture of the tracheal aspirates grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). As the patient was afebrile and not systemically ill, the clinical picture was consistent with exudative tracheobronchitis. To our knowledge, this is the first case of MRSA exudative tracheobronchitis and tracheomalacia in a non-ventilated adult. Other adult cases of bacterial tracheobronchitis and MRSA tracheobronchitis in mechanically ventilated patients reported in the literature are also reviewed.Physicians should be aware of the diagnosis of tracheomalacia in adults, which can masquerade as persistent asthma and may be associated with the development of serious infections including MRSA tracheobronchitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracheobronchitis Caused by Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> as a Cause of Chronic Wheezing in a Non-Ventilated Adult Patient with Tracheobronchomalacia

Kelesidis¹,

Osman²,

Trayner

et al. 2009

Respiration

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“…The physical examination at this time may reveal nonspecific findings such as a high fever and toxic appearance. More specific findings include stridor, hoarseness, cough and tachypnea (3,12,18). Clinicians familiar with this disorder describe marked tracheal tenderness and reluctance to cough due to associated pain as common findings which have not been described in the literature to date.…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial tracheitis often presents as a secondary illness following an acute respiratory viral infection (3,5,9). The viral illness is believed to cause transient local or systemic alterations in the immune response that predispose the host to bacterial infection (3,8,10,11).…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The viral illness is believed to cause transient local or systemic alterations in the immune response that predispose the host to bacterial infection (3,8,10,11). This theory is strongly supported by the observation that bacterial tracheitis cases occur most often during upsurges of winter viral epidemics in the community, including that of viral croup (9,12,13).…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial tracheitis was initially described in the medical literature in the late 1920s, when it was generally referred to as acute laryngotracheobronchitis (1). Although investigators described this as a bacterial illness in the early studies (2)(3)(4), the name bacterial tracheitis was not coined until much later when Jones et al (5) reported a case series of infants with the disorder. Membranous croup, pseudomembranous croup, bacterial croup, purulent tracheobronchitis and membranous laryngotracheobronchitis are other medical terms applied to this disease complex in the literature (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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