Bacterial group I introns: mobile RNA catalysts

Hausner, Georg; Hafez, M. B.; Edgell, David R.

doi:10.1186/1759-8753-5-8

Cited by 90 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(153 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, most of the large structured ncRNA classes whose functions are known operate as ribozymes that perform essential chemical reactions such as peptide bond formation (2), RNA splicing (11, 12) and RNA cleavage (3). Two of these ribozyme classes, namely group I and group II introns, are sometimes components of selfish genetic elements that both splice mRNAs and mobilize to various regions in DNA genomes (13, 14). Of course many self-splicing ribozymes also carry protein coding regions, located either in their exon flanks or inserted into non-critical portions of their ribozyme structure.…”

Section: Diversity Of Large Ncrna Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Noncoding RNAs in Bacteria

Harris

Breaker

2018

Microbiol Spectr

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Bacterial noncoding RNA (ncRNA) classes longer than 200 nucleotides are rare, but are responsible for performing some of the most fundamental tasks in living cells. RNAs such as 16S and 23S ribosomal RNA, group I and group II introns, RNase P ribozymes, tmRNAs, and coenzyme B12 riboswitches, are diverse in structure and accomplish biochemical functions that rival the activities of proteins. Over the last decade, a number of new classes of large ncRNAs have been uncovered in bacteria. A total of 21 classes with no established functions have been identified through the use of bioinformatics search strategies. Based on precedents for bacterial large ncRNAs performing sophisticated functions, it seems likely that some of these structured ncRNAs also will prove to carry out complex functions. Thus, determining their roles will provide a better understanding of fundamental biological processes. A few studies have produced data that provide clues to the purposes of some of these recently-found classes, but the true functions of most classes remain mysterious.

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Section: Diversity Of Large Ncrna Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Noncoding RNAs in Bacteria

Harris

Breaker

2018

Microbiol Spectr

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“…Homing endonucleases recognize long target sites and therefore, require conserved regions for their long term survival and for moving laterally from one species to another (Stoddard 2005; Belfort et al 2002). On rare occasions, they move into new sites (ectopic integration) either by transposition or by means of reverse splicing of the intron RNA [a mechanism that has not yet been experimentally demonstrated and requires reverse transcriptase activity (Bhattacharya et al 2005; Hausner et al 2014)].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diversity of mtDNA rns introns among strains of Ophiostoma piliferum, Ophiostoma pluriannulatum and related species

Bilto

Hausner

2016

SpringerPlus

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BackgroundBased on previous studies, it was suspected that the mitochondrial rns gene within the Ophiostomatales is rich in introns. This study focused on a collection of strains representing Ophiostoma piliferum, Ophiostoma pluriannulatum and related species that cause blue-stain; these fungi colonize the sapwood of trees and impart a dark stain. This reduces the value of the lumber. The goal was to examine the mtDNA rns intron landscape for these important blue stain fungi in order to facilitate future annotation of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) and to potentially identify mtDNA introns that can encode homing endonucleases which may have applications in biotechnology.ResultsComparative sequence analysis identified five intron insertion sites among the ophiostomatoid fungi examined. Positions mS379 and mS952 harbor group II introns, the mS379 intron encodes a reverse transcriptase, and the mS952 intron encodes a potential homing endonuclease. Positions mS569, mS1224, and mS1247 have group I introns inserted and these encode intact or eroded homing endonuclease open reading frames (ORF). Phylogenetic analysis of the intron ORFs showed that they can be found in the same insertion site in closely and distantly related species.ConclusionsBased on the molecular markers examined (rDNA internal transcribed spacers and rns introns), strains representing O. pilifera, O. pluriannulatum and Ophiostoma novae-zelandiae could not be resolved. Phylogenetic studies suggest that introns are gained and lost and that horizontal transfer could explain the presence of related intron in distantly related fungi. With regard to the mS379 group II intron, this study shows that mitochondrial group II introns and their reverse transcriptases may also follow the life cycle previously proposed for group I introns and their homing endonucleases. This consists of intron invasion, decay of intron ORF, loss of intron, and possible reinvasion.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40064-016-3076-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Group I introns and inteins use their associated homing endonucleases (HEs) to cleave DNA at precise targets and mobilize by homing through a double-strand-break mediated pathway (Figs. 1A & 1B) [3–5]. In contrast, group II introns move by an RNA-based retrohoming pathway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile self-splicing introns and inteins as environmental sensors

Belfort

2017

Current Opinion in Microbiology

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Self-splicing introns and inteins are often mobile at the level of the genome. Although these RNA and protein elements, respectively, are generally considered to be selfish parasites, group I and group II introns and inteins can be triggered by environmental cues to splice and/or to mobilize. These cues include stressors such as oxidizing agents, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, starvation, temperature, osmolarity and DNA damage. Their sensitivity to these stimuli leads to a carefully choreographed dance between the mobile element and its host that is in tune with the cellular environment. This responsiveness to a changing milieu provides strong evidence that these diverse, self-splicing mobile elements have adapted to react to prevailing conditions, to the potential advantage of both the element and its host.

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Bacterial group I introns: mobile RNA catalysts

Cited by 90 publications

References 134 publications

Large Noncoding RNAs in Bacteria

Large Noncoding RNAs in Bacteria

The diversity of mtDNA rns introns among strains of Ophiostoma piliferum, Ophiostoma pluriannulatum and related species

Mobile self-splicing introns and inteins as environmental sensors

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