Bacterial infections and antibiotic utilization varies by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) severity in hospitalized cancer patients: Analysis from the first phase of the pandemic

Maki, Kayla R.; Steiger, Samantha N.; Su, Yiqi; Boumiza, Aida; Tan, Carrie; Kerpelev, Marina; Seo, Susan K.; Cohen, Nina

doi:10.1017/ice.2022.129

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Two hundred-three studies were excluded because they did not report data on antibiotic use in COVID-19 patients. Of the remaining 77 studies, 29 studies were included in this systematic review [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ] ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 29 studies included in the systematic review, 18 studies were on the prevalence of bacterial infection and antibiotics use in hospitalized COVID-19 patients [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]; of these studies, 5 reported on patients admitted to the intensive care unit [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Four studies reported on the efficacy of early antibiotic use in hospitalized COVID-19 patients [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]; four studies were on the use of sepsis biomarkers to improve antibiotic use among COVID-19 patients [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]; three studies were on the efficacy of antimicrobial stewardship programs and predictive models among COVID-19 hospitalized patients [ 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the 29 included studies, 23 studies were retrospective, observational studies [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 35 ]; 4 studies were observational, before–after studies [ 28 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]; and 2 studies were randomized, open-label, controlled trials [ 25 , 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolving Challenge of Appropriate Antibiotics Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Literature Review

Granata,

Cicalini

2024

Antibiotics

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The issue of bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients has received increasing attention. Scant data are available on the impact of bacterial superinfection and antibiotic administration on the outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We conducted a literature review from 1 January 2022 to 31 March 2024 to assess the current burden of bacterial infection and the evidence for antibiotic use in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Published articles providing data on antibiotic use in COVID-19 patients were identified through computerized literature searches with the search terms [(antibiotic) AND (COVID-19)] or [(antibiotic treatment) AND (COVID-19)]. PubMed and SCOPUS databases were searched from 1 January 2022 to 31 March 2024. No attempt was made to obtain information about unpublished studies. English language restriction was applied. The quality of the included studies was evaluated by the tool recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Both quantitative and qualitative information were summarized by means of textual descriptions. Five hundred fifty-one studies were identified, and twenty-nine studies were included in this systematic review. Of the 29 included studies, 18 studies were on the prevalence of bacterial infection and antibiotic use in hospitalized COVID-19 patients; 4 studies reported on the efficacy of early antibiotic use in COVID-19; 4 studies were on the use of sepsis biomarkers to improve antibiotic use; 3 studies were on the efficacy of antimicrobial stewardship programs and predictive models among COVID-19-hospitalized patients. The quality of included studies was high in 35% and medium in 62%. High rates of hospital-acquired infections were reported among COVID-19 patients, ranging between 7.5 and 37.7%. A high antibiotic resistance rate was reported among COVID-19 patients developing hospital-acquired infections, with a high in-hospital mortality rate. The studies evaluating multi-faceted antimicrobial stewardship interventions reported efficacy in decreasing antibiotic consumption and lower in-hospital mortality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolving Challenge of Appropriate Antibiotics Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Literature Review

Granata,

Cicalini

2024

Antibiotics

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“…77 Data on bacterial coinfections in patients who are immunosuppressed are sparse, but there may be scenarios, such as patients with febrile neutropenia, in which empiric antibiotic therapy at the time of COVID-19 or other respiratory viral diagnosis is justified. 78 It is important that HCP also consider the possibility of coinfection with viruses other than the pandemic strain. The use of nonpharmacologic interventions (eg, mask use, social distancing) significantly disrupted the transmission of non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses during the first surge of the COVID-19 pandemic such that influenza activity decreased in March 2020 and remained at historic lows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SHEA statement on antibiotic stewardship in hospitals during public health emergencies

Barlam

Mohajer

Al‐Tawfiq

et al. 2022

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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“…Maki et al also reported that secondary bacterial infection in COVID-19cancer patients increased with the severity of COVID-19, and with severe infection, 81% of patients had secondary bacterial infections[11]. De Costa et al reported that 57.9% of these ICU COVID-19 patients had secondary bacterial ventilatory-associated pneumonia, and 49.5% had MDRO bacterial infections (multi-drug resistant organism.…”

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confidence: 97%

COVID-19 in Patients with Cancer: Insights from a Tertiary Care Intensive Care Unit

Shaikh

Wraidat

Alassaf

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background & Aim: Since The emergence of the COVID-19, patients with cancer have been among the most vulnerable patients, as this infection can be severe and mostly requires intensive care therapy. Literature discussing the risk factors and the outcome of these patients in intensive care units (ICU) is accumulating. Our study aims to search for the incidence of COVID-19 infection in cancer patients and analyses their associated comorbidities, possible risk factor for infections, and their outcomes. Methods: Patients with active cancer under treatment and those recently diagnosed with cancer and had confirmed COVID-19 infection requiring ICU admission were included in our study over 8 months, from March to October 2022. Patient demographic data, comorbidities, ICU stay, duration of hospital stay, oxygenation/ventilatory requirements, treatment, secondary bacterial infection, and outcome were collected from the COVID-19 patients' registry in the ICU. Data were entered into the SPSS program version 23, and results were considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 24 patients with cancer and COVID-19 infection required intensive care therapy. The most common type of malignancy in those patients was solid organ tumor (13 vs. 11 patients), and most of the study sample were males (20/ 83.3%). Seventy-five percent (18 patients) required intubation and invasive ventilation. Twenty-nine percent (7 patients) had secondary bacterial pneumonia and bacteremia. In addition, 70% had septic shock and required vasopressors. Acute kidney injury (AKI) due to rhabdomyolysis (P<0.001), secondary bacterial infection (P<0.006), bacteremia and pneumonia (P<0.02), invasive ventilation (P<0.02) and requiring muscle relaxant (P<0.02), the requirement for High flow nasal cannula and prone position (P<0.03 and 0.01) respectively, shock (P<0.004) were significantly associated with increased mortality. Patients with cancer and COVID-19 had higher severity scores (P<0.003), longer ventilation duration (P<0.002), and ICU stay (P<0.002). Overall mortality was 45%.8, there was no significant difference in mortality rate between patients with solid organ tumors and hematological malignancy with COVID-19 infection requiring intensive care therapy (P<0.68). Conclusion: Cancer patients requiring ICU were more prone to develop AKI, rhabdomyolysis, secondary infection, requiring ventilation and prone position, and septic shock. These patients had a significantly high mortality rate and were severely ill, requiring prolonged ventilation and ICU stays.

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Bacterial infections and antibiotic utilization varies by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) severity in hospitalized cancer patients: Analysis from the first phase of the pandemic

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

The Evolving Challenge of Appropriate Antibiotics Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Literature Review

The Evolving Challenge of Appropriate Antibiotics Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Literature Review

SHEA statement on antibiotic stewardship in hospitals during public health emergencies

COVID-19 in Patients with Cancer: Insights from a Tertiary Care Intensive Care Unit

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