Bacterial isolates and drug susceptibility patterns of ear discharge from patients with ear infection at Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundEar infection is a common problem for both children and adults especially in developing countries. However in Ethiopia particularly in the study area, there is no recent data that shows the magnitude of the problem. The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial isolates and their drug susceptibility patterns from patients who had ear infection.MethodA retrospective study was conducted from September, 2009 to August, 2012 at Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Ear discharge samples were cultured on MacConkey agar, blood agar and chocolate agar plates. A standard biochemical procedure was used for full identification of bacterial isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done on Mueller-Hinton agar by using disk diffusion method. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software and P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultA total of 228 ear discharge samples were tested for bacterial isolation and 204 (89.5%) cases were found to have bacterial isolates. From the total bacterial isolates, 115 (56.4%) were gram negative bacteria and the predominant isolate was proteus species (27.5%). Of individuals who had ear infection, 185 (90.7%) had single bacterial infection while 19 (9.3%) had mixed infections. Under five children were more affected by ear infection. The prevalence of ear infection was significantly high in males (63.7 vs 36.3%) (P = 0.017). Of all bacterial isolates, 192 (94.1%) had multiple antibiotic resistant pattern. Non Lactose Fermenter Gram Negative Rods (46.0%), Klebsella species (47.7%) and Pseudomonas species (48.5%) were resistant against the commonly used antibiotics.ConclusionThe prevalence of ear infection was very high in the study area. Majority of the bacterial isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Hence antibiotics susceptibility test is mandatory before prescribing any antibiotics.

Microbiological Isolates of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media at the University Teaching Hospital and Beit Cure Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

“…The finding of Proteus mirabilis as the most common isolate is similar to findings by Chirwa in 2014 in Malawi where Proteus mirabilis accounted for 28.6%, 12 Aduba et al in 2010inGarissa (Kenya) where Proteus mirabilis accounted for 32.7%, 16 and Muluye et alin 2013 in Ethiopia were Proteus mirabilis accounted for 27.5%. 17 These findings are different from those of other studies where they found that pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate. 1,5,18 The difference in the pattern of microbiological isolates may be explained by differences in the geographical conditions and population dynamics.…”

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“…Al-Azawy et al (2015) reported that rate isolate of ears P. mirabilis was 7% and rate isolate of urinary P. mirabilis was 24.24% [24]. Muluye et al (2013) reported that predominant proteus species in ear infections was 27.5% [26]. Mordi and Momoh (2009) mentioned that wounds P. mirabilis accounts 17.5% [27].…”

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