Bacterial keratinolytic protease, imminent starter for NextGen leather and detergent industries

Paul, Tanmay; Jana, Arijit; Mandal, Amit; Mandal, Arpita; Mohpatra, Pradeep K. Das; Mondal, Keshab Chandra

doi:10.1016/j.scp.2016.01.001

Cited by 57 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…During the preparation of bleach-based detergent, some active constituents like peroxide agents (H 2 O 2 ), optical fiber brighteners, nonionic surfactants (Tween-80), and anionic surfactant (SDS) are included, with the proteases usually showing a high level of inconsistency in the presence of these agents. Hence, such properties compromise their involvement in the present-day detergent formulation (Paul et al, 2016;Reddy et al, 2017). Therefore, there is a need to discover microbial enzymes that can function in the stipulated harsh conditions.…”

Section: Detergent Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Keratinase: Next Generation Green Catalyst and Prospective Applications

et al. 2020

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The search for novel renewable products over synthetics hallmarked this decade and those of the recent past. Most economies that are prospecting on biodiversity for improved bio-economy favor renewable resources over synthetics for the potential opportunity they hold. However, this field is still nascent as the bulk of the available resources are non-renewable based. Microbial metabolites, emphasis on secondary metabolites, are viable alternatives; nonetheless, vast microbial resources remain under-exploited; thus, the need for a continuum in the search for new products or bio-modifying existing products for novel functions through an efficient approach. Environmental distress syndrome has been identified as a factor that influences the emergence of genetic diversity in prokaryotes. Still, the process of how the change comes about is poorly understood. The emergence of new traits may present a high prospect for the industrially viable organism. Microbial enzymes have prominence in the bio-economic space, and proteases account for about sixty percent of all enzyme market. Microbial keratinases are versatile proteases which are continuously gaining momentum in biotechnology owing to their effective bio-conversion of recalcitrant keratin-rich wastes and sustainable implementation of cleaner production. Keratinase-assisted biodegradation of keratinous materials has revitalized the prospects for the utilization of cost-effective agro-industrial wastes, as readily available substrates, for the production of high-value products including amino acids and bioactive peptides. This review presented an overview of keratin structural complexity, the potential mechanism of keratin biodegradation, and the environmental impact of keratinous wastes. Equally, it discussed microbial keratinase; vis-à-vis sources, production, and functional properties with considerable emphasis on the ecological implication of microbial producers and catalytic tendency improvement strategies. Keratinase applications and prospective high-end use, including animal hide processing, detergent formulation, cosmetics, livestock feed, and organic fertilizer production, were also articulated.

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Section: Detergent Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Keratinase: Next Generation Green Catalyst and Prospective Applications

et al. 2020

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“…As keratinases are able to cleave insoluble and recalcitrant keratins derived from keratin-rich wastes such as feathers, hair and wool, they have great potential of industrial applications. Accumulated studies have shown that keratinase can be used in several fields (Figure 2) including animal feed (Grazziotin et al, 2006), fertilizers, leather industries, biomedical fields, detergents, cosmetics and materials (Yue et al, 2011; Paul et al, 2016; Su et al, 2019). Keratinase produced by B. licheniformis PWD-1 was found to be able to degrade prions which are infectious agents and resistant to proteolytic and mild protein-destructive processes (Van de Wiel et al, 2003).…”

Section: Keratinasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Microbial Degradation of Feather Waste

2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Feathers are a major by-product of the poultry industry. They are mainly composed of keratins which have wide applications in different fields. Due to the increasing production of feathers from poultry industries, the untreated feathers could become pollutants because of their resistance to protease degradation. Feathers are rich in amino acids, which makes them a valuable source for fertilizer and animal feeds. Numerous bacteria and fungi exhibited capabilities to degrade chicken feathers by secreting enzymes such as keratinases, and accumulated evidence shows that feather-containing wastes can be converted into value-added products. This review summarizes recent progress in microbial degradation of feathers, structures of keratinases, feather application, and microorganisms that are able to secrete keratinase. In addition, the enzymes critical for keratin degradation and their mechanism of action are discussed. We also proposed the strategy that can be utilized for feather degradation. Based on the accumulated studies, microbial degradation of feathers has great potential to convert them into various products such as biofertilizer and animal feeds.

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“…Chemicals such as sodium sulfide, lime and solid wastes, arising as a result of the preliminary tanning, are the main reason for the increase in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total quantity of dissolved solids (TDS) in wastewater produced in these plants ( 8 ). The enzyme practice is a green alternative leading to reduction in environmental pollution and improves the leathers ( 120 ). Proteolytic enzymes are nowadays increasingly used for hide softening to improve pliability of the hides and prepare them for tanning process.…”

Section: Biotechnological Applications Of Keratinasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial keratinases: enzymes with promising biotechnological 4 applications

Vidmar

Vodovnik

2018

Food Technol. Biotechnol.

109

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SUMMARYKeratin is a complex and structurally stable protein found in human and animal hard tissues, such as feathers, wool, hair, hoof and nails. Some of these, like feathers and wool, represent one of the main sources of protein-rich waste with significant potential to be transformed into value-added products such as feed, fertilizers or bioenergy. A major limitation impeding valorization of keratinous substrates is their recalcitrant structure and resistance to hydrolysis by common proteases. However, specialized keratinolytic enzymes produced by some microorganisms can efficiently degrade these substrates. Keratinases have already found a purpose in pharmaceutical, textile and leather industries. However, their wider implementation in other processes, such as cost-effective (pre)treatment of poultry waste, still requires optimization of production and performance of the available enzymes. Here we present a comprehensive review covering molecular properties and characteristics of keratinases, their classification, traditional and novel approaches in discovery of novel enzymes, production, characterization, improvement and biotechnological applications.

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Bacterial keratinolytic protease, imminent starter for NextGen leather and detergent industries

Cited by 57 publications

References 70 publications

Microbial Keratinase: Next Generation Green Catalyst and Prospective Applications

Microbial Keratinase: Next Generation Green Catalyst and Prospective Applications

Progress in Microbial Degradation of Feather Waste

Microbial keratinases: enzymes with promising biotechnological 4 applications

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