Bacterial Metabolism in Dental Biofilms

Carlsson, Jan

doi:10.1177/08959374970110012001

Cited by 60 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…After this rapid exposure to sugar, dental biofilm undergoes long periods of sugar starvation. These physiological conditions of bacterial growth are known as 'feast or famine' episodes 3 and can cause microbiological selection strategies that increase the proportion of acid-tolerant species such as S. mutans in biofilm. 4,5 S. mutans are considered the most cariogenic microorganisms in dental biofilm due to their capacity to use dietary carbohydrates such as sucrose, to synthesize extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and because of their acidogenic and aciduric properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

S. mutans biofilm model to evaluate antimicrobial substances and enamel demineralization

2010

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The aim of this study was to validate a model of S. mutans biofilm formation, which simulated 'feast-famine' episodes of exposure to sucrose that occur in the oral cavity, showed dose-response susceptibility to antimicrobials and allowed the evaluation of substances with anticaries potential. S. mutans UA159 biofilms were grown for 5 days on bovine enamel slabs at 37°C, 10% CO 2 . To validate the model, the biofilms were treated 2x/day with chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) at 0.012, 0.024 and 0.12% (concentration with recognized anti-plaque effect) and 0.05% NaF (concentration with recognized anti-caries effect). CHX showed dose-response effect decreasing biomass, bacterial viability and enamel demineralization (p < 0.05). Whereas, 0.05% NaF did not show antimicrobial effect but had similar effect to that of 0.12% CHX decreasing enamel demineralization (p < 0.05). The model developed has potential to evaluate the effect of substances on biofilm growth and on enamel demineralization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

S. mutans biofilm model to evaluate antimicrobial substances and enamel demineralization

2010

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“…Oral bacteria are the main constituents of the dental biofilm plaque which covers the tooth surface 10,11 and, therefore enamel demineralization is caused by the production of organic acids from bacterial metabolism 12,13 Several factors determine caries development; acid production, plaque adherence onto the enamel surface and bacterial metabolism which is influenced by the dietary regime of the host 14 Caries activity of dental plaque is dependent on the degree of calcium saturation within the plaque which influences demineralization of the enamel surface. 15 The anticariogenic effect of fluoride is well established 16 and widely accepted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vitro effect of fluoridated milk in a bacterial biofilm - Enamel model

Arnold

Forer²,

Heesen³

et al. 2006

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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Objectives:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of milk and fluoridated milk on bacterially induced caries-like lesions. Sample and methods: Extracted impacted human molars were cut in half and covered with a varnish leaving a 4×4 mm window. The samples were coated with biofilm of S. sobrinus and were further divided into three experimental groups of S. sobrinus, S. sobrinus and milk and S. sobrinus and fluoridated milk. As negative controls served teeth incubated in saline. Of twenty tooth halves serial ground sections were cut through the lesions and investigated with polarization light microscopy (PLM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDX element analysis. The PLM photographs were used for 3D reconstruction, volumetric assessment and determination of the extension of the lesion zones. Of eight tooth halves the biofilm on the enamel surface was studied with SEM and EDX element analysis. Results: Volumetric assessment showed a statistically significant difference in the volume of the body of the lesion and the translucent zone between the milk group and fluoridated milk group. Quantitative element analysis demonstrated significant differences between sound enamel and the superficial layer in the fluoridated milk group. The biofilm on the enamel surface showed an increased Ca content in the milk group and fluoridated milk group. Conclusions: Milk as a common nutrient seems to play a complex role in in-vitro biofilm -enamel interactions stimulating bacterial demineralization on one hand, and, as effective fluoride carrier, inhibits caries-like demineralization.

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“…S. mutans adheres to the tooth surface and produces a sticky polysaccharide called dextran that enables the further colonisation of other microorganisms, forming dental plaques which serve as a biofilm (Nyvad et al, 1990). These microorganisms have to withstand changes in temperature, nutrition and osmotic pressure, pH variations (Carlsson et al, 1997) as well as exposure to the mucosal immune system, natural virulence factors, antibiotics ,competitors as well as pathogenity (Kado et al, 2009;Ochman et al, 2000). Lateral gene transfer (LGT) or horizontal gene transfer (HGT) (Lawrence, 1997;Ochman et al, 2005) is a major way by which organisms acquires novel genes, and it has played an important role in how S. mutans has adapted to sustain the oral environment through resource acquisition, defense against host factors, and use of gene products that maintain its niche against microbial competitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%