Bacterial Profile of Nurses’ Uniforms: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The bacterial profile associated with nurses’ uniforms have not been empirically ascertained within the Ghanaian setting. Objective: To evaluate the bacterial profile of scrubs worn by nurses over a 24-hour period. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional approach was used with 20 conveniently recruited Registered Nurses spread across a 24-hour shift period. Sterile scrubs were provided and at the end each shift, four zones were swabbed (axilla, anterior trunk, posterior trunk, and posterior aspects of the trousers). The laboratory isolation processes proceeded through colony identification, gram staining, catalase test (Gram-positive), lactose fermenter (Gram-negative), Triple Sugar Iron and Motility Indole Ornithine (Enterobacteria). Results: Both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were identified which may suggest that irrespective of the unit in which nurses worked, their uniforms served as surfaces of bacterial habitation. At least, one organism was isolated at all the areas swabbed suggesting that nurses’ uniforms are contaminated at the end of their shift.Conclusion: The findings suggest a need for collective efforts to ensure that uniforms are not worn beyond the confines of the healthcare setting as well as strict adherence to infection prevention and control policies within the hospital.