Bacterial sulfate reduction in hydrothermal sediments of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, Mexico

Weber, Andreas; Jørgensen, Bo Barker

doi:10.1016/s0967-0637(01)00079-6

Cited by 87 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…40 and 70°C (maximum rate, 300 nmol of SO 4 2Ϫ ml Ϫ1 day Ϫ1 ), which matches the grow temperatures of the thermophilic Desulfotomaculum species and of T. norvegica; an additional peak occurred between 80 and 90°C, which matched the temperature optimum of archaeal sulfate reducers of the genus Archaeoglobus. With increasing sediment depth, the temperature profile of sulfate-reducing activity moved towards the range of Archaeoglobus, and the overall sulfate reduction rates decreased (46). Apparently, the PCR-based survey did not detect Archaeoglobus-related dsrAB genes, although the activity of these hyperthermophilic sulfate reducers could be measured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Sulfate reduction rate measurements in Guaymas sediments have consistently revealed high activities for mesophilic, thermophilic, and hyperthermophilic sulfate reducers (9). By using sediment slurries from the site where core B was taken, temperature gradient sulfate reduction measurements were obtained, which demonstrated that there were active, moderately or extremely thermophilic, sulfate-reducing populations (46). In the near-surface sediment layer (0 to 6 cm), the highest sulfate reduction rates were measured over a broad temperature range, ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characterization of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Guaymas Basin

Dhillon

Teske

Dillon

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

275

250

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The Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California) is a hydrothermal vent site where thermal alteration of deposited planktonic and terrestrial organic matter forms petroliferous material which supports diverse sulfate-reducing bacteria. We explored the phylogenetic and functional diversity of the sulfate-reducing bacteria by characterizing PCR-amplified dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsrAB) and 16S rRNA genes from the upper 4 cm of the Guaymas sediment. The dsrAB sequences revealed that there was a major clade closely related to the acetateoxidizing delta-proteobacterial genus Desulfobacter and a clade of novel, deeply branching dsr sequences related to environmental dsr sequences from marine sediments in Aarhus Bay and Kysing Fjord (Denmark). Other dsr clones were affiliated with gram-positive thermophilic sulfate reducers (genus Desulfotomaculum) and the delta-proteobacterial species Desulforhabdus amnigena and Thermodesulforhabdus norvegica. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNAs from the same environmental samples resulted in identification of four clones affiliated with Desulfobacterium niacini, a member of the acetate-oxidizing, nutritionally versatile genus Desulfobacterium, and one clone related to Desulfobacula toluolica and Desulfotignum balticum. Other bacterial 16S rRNA bacterial phylotypes were represented by non-sulfate reducers and uncultured lineages with unknown physiology, like OP9, OP8, as well as a group with no clear affiliation. In summary, analyses of both 16S rRNA and dsrAB clone libraries resulted in identification of members of the Desulfobacteriales in the Guaymas sediments. In addition, the dsrAB sequencing approach revealed a novel group of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes that could not be identified by 16S rRNA sequencing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Guaymas Basin

Dhillon

Teske

Dillon

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

275

250

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“…Seawater intrusion during core recovery and outgassing is unlikely because porewater concentration and d 13 C profiles of methane and DIC are not flushed out. In multiple push core surveys of surficial sediments of Guaymas Basin, sulfate remained abundant at porewater concentrations of several mM (Jørgensen et al, 1990;Elsgaard et al, 1994;Weber and Jørgensen, 2002), suggesting that advective flux with sulfate admixture is a consistent feature of hydrothermally active Guaymas Basin sediments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steep temperature gradients extend from 2 1C to 20 1C at the surface downward to 4100 1C at approximately 30 cm sediment depth, and select for increasingly thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microbial populations. For example, temperature optima of microbial sulfate reduction shift downcore toward the thermophilic and hyperthermophilic range (Jørgensen et al, 1990;Elsgaard et al, 1994), while overall rates decrease; sulfate reduction was not reliably detected at temperatures 4100 1C (Weber and Jørgensen, 2002). A similarly wide temperature range might apply to AOM; this process is generally considered typical for cool marine sediments (Knittel and Boetius, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic oxidation of methane at different temperature regimes in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments

et al. 2011

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Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) was investigated in hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin based on d 13 C signatures of CH 4 , dissolved inorganic carbon and porewater concentration profiles of CH 4 and sulfate. Cool, warm and hot in-situ temperature regimes (15-20 1C, 30-35 1C and 70-95 1C) were selected from hydrothermal locations in Guaymas Basin to compare AOM geochemistry and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), mcrA and dsrAB genes of the microbial communities. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from the cool and hot AOM cores yielded similar archaeal types such as Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group, Thermoproteales and anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea (ANME)-1; some of the ANME-1 archaea formed a separate 16S rRNA lineage that at present seems to be limited to Guaymas Basin. Congruent results were obtained by mcrA gene analysis. The warm AOM core, chemically distinct by lower porewater sulfide concentrations, hosted a different archaeal community dominated by the two deep subsurface archaeal lineages Marine Benthic Group D and Marine Benthic Group B, and by members of the Methanosarcinales including ANME-2 archaea. This distinct composition of the methane-cycling archaeal community in the warm AOM core was confirmed by mcrA gene analysis. Functional genes of sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea, dsrAB, showed more overlap between all cores, regardless of the core temperature. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries with Euryarchaeota-specific primers detected members of the Archaeoglobus clade in the cool and hot cores. A V6-tag high-throughput sequencing survey generally supported the clone library results while providing high-resolution detail on archaeal and bacterial community structure. These results indicate that AOM and the responsible archaeal communities persist over a wide temperature range.

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“…Core B (Alvin dive 3205, 28 April 1998; diameter, 6 in; length, 25.3 cm) was obtained from the Everest Mound area in the Southern Guaymas vent field (27°00.888ЈN, 111°24.734ЈW). A second core from the same site was used for shipboard measurements of sulfate reduction rates under different temperature regimes (station 3 in reference 55). No Beggiatoa mats were present at the sampling sites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanogen Diversity Evidenced by Molecular Characterization of Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase A ( mcrA ) Genes in Hydrothermal Sediments of the Guaymas Basin

Dhillon

Lever

Lloyd

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

140

101

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The methanogenic community in hydrothermally active sediments of Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California, Mexico) was analyzed by PCR amplification, cloning, and sequencing of methyl coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) and 16S rRNA genes. Members of the Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales dominated the mcrA and 16S rRNA clone libraries from the upper 15 cm of the sediments. Within the H 2 /CO 2 -and formate-utilizing family Methanomicrobiales, two mcrA and 16S rRNA lineages were closely affiliated with cultured species of the genera Methanoculleus and Methanocorpusculum. The most frequently recovered mcrA PCR amplicons within the Methanomicrobiales did not branch with any cultured genera. Within the nutritionally versatile family Methanosarcinales, one 16S rRNA amplicon and most of the mcrA PCR amplicons were affiliated with the obligately acetate utilizing species Methanosaeta concilii. The mcrA clone libraries also included phylotypes related to the methyl-disproportionating genus Methanococcoides. However, two mcrA and two 16S rRNA lineages within the Methanosarcinales were unrelated to any cultured genus. Overall, the clone libraries indicate a diversified methanogen community that uses H 2 /CO 2 , formate, acetate, and methylated substrates. Phylogenetic affiliations of mcrA and 16S rRNA clones with thermophilic and nonthermophilic cultured isolates indicate a mixed mesophilic and thermophilic methanogen community in the surficial Guaymas sediments.The hydrothermally active sediments of the Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California, Mexico) have an active methane cycle, with two major sources and several potential sinks of methane. Diffuse venting through the Guaymas sediments at temperatures up to 200°C leads to pyrolysis of organic material in the organic-rich sediments (maximal total organic carbon concentration, 3 to 12% [wt/wt] near the surface [25]). Pyrolysis products include significant amounts of aliphatic and aromatic petroleum hydrocarbons, short-chain fatty acids, ammonia, and methane (2, 30, 57). The methane content in the Guaymas hydrothermal fluids ranges from 12 to 16 mM (270 to 370 ml kg Ϫ1 at standard temperature and pressure), which is approximately 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of most bare lava vent sites (57). The carbon isotopic composition (␦ 13 C) of Guaymas methane ranges from Ϫ51 to Ϫ41‰, suggesting a predominantly thermocatalytic origin from sedimentary organic material (37, 57).Diverse communities of methanogenic archaea produce methane in the Guaymas sediments. Several hyperthermophilic methanogens, including members of the genus Methanococcus (recently renamed Methanocaldococcus) and the most thermophilic methanogen identified to date, Methanopyrus kandleri, have been isolated from the Guaymas sediments (19,21,22,23,24). Based on initial 16S rRNA gene surveys, the methanogen communities of Guaymas also include relatives of mesophilic species and genera within the families Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales (50). In some localities near the sediment surface, abundant methanotrop...

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Bacterial sulfate reduction in hydrothermal sediments of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, Mexico

Cited by 87 publications

References 40 publications

Molecular Characterization of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Guaymas Basin

Molecular Characterization of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Guaymas Basin

Anaerobic oxidation of methane at different temperature regimes in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments

Methanogen Diversity Evidenced by Molecular Characterization of Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase A ( mcrA ) Genes in Hydrothermal Sediments of the Guaymas Basin

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