Bacterial Symbionts of Tsetse Flies: Relationships and Functional Interactions Between Tsetse Flies and Their Symbionts

Attardo, Geoffrey M.; Scolari, Francesca; Malacrida, Anna R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51849-3_19

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 223 publications

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“…Examples of bacteria identified in Glossina microbiomes include the genera Bacillus , Serratia , Pantoea , Acinetobacter , Arthrobacter , Enterobacter , Enterococcus , Providencia , Sphingobacterium , Chryseobacterim , Exiguobacterium , Lactococcus , Staphylococcus , Pseudomonas , Spiroplasm and Xylella (e.g. [ 268 , 275 , 278 , 283 , 284 ]).…”

Section: Paratransgenesis In Different Groups Of Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors

et al. 2022

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This article presents an overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors. It first briefly summarises some of the disease-causing pathogens vectored by insects and emphasises the need for innovative control methods to counter the threat of resistance by both the vector insect to pesticides and the pathogens to therapeutic drugs. Subsequently, the state of art of paratransgenesis is described, which is a particularly ingenious method currently under development in many important vector insects that could provide an additional powerful tool for use in integrated pest control programmes. The requirements and recent advances of the paratransgenesis technique are detailed and an overview is given of the microorganisms selected for genetic modification, the effector molecules to be expressed and the environmental spread of the transgenic bacteria into wild insect populations. The results of experimental models of paratransgenesis developed with triatomines, mosquitoes, sandflies and tsetse flies are analysed. Finally, the regulatory and safety rules to be satisfied for the successful environmental release of the genetically engineered organisms produced in paratransgenesis are considered. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Paratransgenesis In Different Groups Of Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors

et al. 2022

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“…Obligate triatome symbionts localize extracellularly in their host's digestive tract and are transmitted from parent to offspring by coprophagy [77]. These host-symbiont associations differ from those in other strict blood feeders (e.g., ticks and tsetse flies) where obligate symbionts are intracellular and passed to offspring either transovarially or via milk secretions [17,53]. Metagenomic analysis of the Rhodnius prolixus midgut reveals that the genomes of several different symbionts code for B vitamin biosynthesis [79], suggesting the redundancy of B vitamin provision in triatomine symbionts.…”

Section: Triatomine Bug Symbionts: Nutrient Providers and Pathogen Ki...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathogens undergo complex, metabolically intensive developmental programs while residing within their arthropod vector hosts. Like their arthropod vectors, these pathogens lack the ability to synthesize all necessary nutrients de novo, and as such, they too often depend on provisioning by vectors or symbiotic bacteria [7,16,17].…”

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confidence: 99%

Metabolic interactions between disease-transmitting vectors and their microbiota

Song

Zhong

Gao

et al. 2022

Trends in Parasitology

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“…Rickettsia prowazekii ( McGinn and Lamason, 2021 ), Wolbachia sp ., and Sodalis ( Attardo et al, 2020 ) are obligate endosymbiont bacteria that reside inside the cells of their hosts. D'Autréaux and Toledano (2007) speculate that these organisms invade the cytoplasm to live in a microaerophilic environment with O 2 consuming organelles and ROS detoxifying enzymes.…”

Section: Prokaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thriving in Oxygen While Preventing ROS Overproduction: No Two Systems Are Created Equal

et al. 2022

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From 2.5 to 2.0 billion years ago, atmospheric oxygen concentration [O2] rose thousands of times, leading to the first mass extinction. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) produced by the non-catalyzed partial reduction of O2 were highly toxic eliminating many species. Survivors developed different strategies to cope with ROS toxicity. At the same time, using O2 as the final acceptor in respiratory chains increased ATP production manifold. Thus, both O2 and ROS were strong drivers of evolution, as species optimized aerobic metabolism while developing ROS-neutralizing mechanisms. The first line of defense is preventing ROS overproduction and two mechanisms were developed in parallel: 1) Physiological uncoupling systems (PUS), which increase the rate of electron fluxes in respiratory systems. 2) Avoidance of excess [O2]. However, it seems that as avoidance efficiency improved, PUSs became less efficient. PUS includes branched respiratory chains and proton sinks, which may be proton specific, the mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) or unspecific, the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP). High [O2] avoidance also involved different strategies: 1) Cell association, as in biofilms or in multi-cellularity allowed gas-permeable organisms (oxyconformers) from bacterial to arthropods to exclude O2. 2) Motility, to migrate from hypoxic niches. 3) Oxyregulator organisms: as early as in fish, and O2-impermeable epithelium excluded all gases and only exact amounts entered through specialized respiratory systems. Here we follow the parallel evolution of PUS and O2-avoidance, PUS became less critical and lost efficiency. In regard, to proton sinks, there is fewer evidence on their evolution, although UCPs have indeed drifted in function while in some species it is not clear whether PTPs exist.

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Bacterial Symbionts of Tsetse Flies: Relationships and Functional Interactions Between Tsetse Flies and Their Symbionts

Cited by 13 publications

References 223 publications

Overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors

Overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors

Metabolic interactions between disease-transmitting vectors and their microbiota

Thriving in Oxygen While Preventing ROS Overproduction: No Two Systems Are Created Equal

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