Bacterial Transposable Elements and IS-Excision Enhancer (IEE)

Kusumoto, Masahiro; Hayashi, Tetsuya

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3411-5_8

“…Insertion Sequences or IS) to large genomic sequences that constitute complex biological systems such as bacteriophages 4 and conjugative elements 5,6 . Moreover, the mobilization machinery of an MGE can induce modifications in the host genome, granting the MGE an adaptive role of its own 7 . However, the primary source of selective advantages in complex MGEs is the presence of cargo genes or genes not directly involved in their replication, mobilization, or transference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pipolins are bimodular platforms that maintain a reservoir of defense systems exchangeable with various bacterial genetic mobile elements

Mateo-Cáceres,

Redrejo-Rodríguez

2024

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Defense genes gather in diverse types of genomic islands in bacteria and provide immunity against viruses and other genetic mobile elements. Here, we disclose pipolins, previously found in diverse bacterial phyla and encoding a primer-independent PolB, as a new category of widespread defense islands. The analysis of the occurrence and structure of pipolins revealed that they are commonly integrative elements flanked by direct repeats in Gammaproteobacteria genomes, mainly Escherichia, Vibrio or Aeromonas, often taking up known mobile elements integration hotspots. Remarkably, integrase dynamics correlates with alternative integration spots and enables diverse lifestyles, from integrative to mobilizable and plasmid pipolins, such as in members of the genera Limosilactobacillus, Pseudosulfitobacter or Staphylococcus. Pipolins harbor a minimal core and a large cargo module enriched for defense factors. In addition, analysis of the weighted gene repertoire relatedness revealed that many of these defense factors are actively exchanged with other mobile elements. These findings indicate pipolins and, potentially other defense islands, act as orthogonal reservoirs of defense genes, potentially transferable to immune autonomous MGEs, suggesting complementary exchange mechanisms for defense genes in bacterial populations.

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Pipolins are bimodular platforms that maintain a reservoir of defense systems exchangeable with various bacterial genetic mobile elements

Mateo-Cáceres,

Redrejo-Rodríguez

2024

Nucleic Acids Research

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Defense genes gather in diverse types of genomic islands in bacteria and provide immunity against viruses and other genetic mobile elements. Here, we disclose pipolins, previously found in diverse bacterial phyla and encoding a primer-independent PolB, as a new category of widespread defense islands. The analysis of the occurrence and structure of pipolins revealed that they are commonly integrative elements flanked by direct repeats in Gammaproteobacteria genomes, mainly Escherichia, Vibrio or Aeromonas, often taking up known mobile elements integration hotspots. Remarkably, integrase dynamics correlates with alternative integration spots and enables diverse lifestyles, from integrative to mobilizable and plasmid pipolins, such as in members of the genera Limosilactobacillus, Pseudosulfitobacter or Staphylococcus. Pipolins harbor a minimal core and a large cargo module enriched for defense factors. In addition, analysis of the weighted gene repertoire relatedness revealed that many of these defense factors are actively exchanged with other mobile elements. These findings indicate pipolins and, potentially other defense islands, act as orthogonal reservoirs of defense genes, potentially transferable to immune autonomous MGEs, suggesting complementary exchange mechanisms for defense genes in bacterial populations.

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Alternate mutation modalities in models of population dynamics

Bartlett

2024

Academia Biology

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Bacterial Transposable Elements and IS-Excision Enhancer (IEE)

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Pipolins are bimodular platforms that maintain a reservoir of defense systems exchangeable with various bacterial genetic mobile elements

Pipolins are bimodular platforms that maintain a reservoir of defense systems exchangeable with various bacterial genetic mobile elements

Pipolins are bimodular platforms that maintain a reservoir of defense systems exchangeable with various bacterial genetic mobile elements

Alternate mutation modalities in models of population dynamics

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