Bacterial Vaginosis and the Natural History of Human Papillomavirus

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate associations between common vaginal infections and human papillomavirus (HPV). Study Design. Data from up to 15 visits on 756 HIV-infected women and 380 high-risk HIV-uninfected women enrolled in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS) were evaluated for associations of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and vaginal Candida colonization with prevalent HPV, incident HPV, and clearance of HPV in multivariate analysis. Results. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) was associated with increased odds for prevalent (aOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.26) and incident (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.47) HPV and with delayed clearance of infection (aHR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.97). Whereas BV at the preceding or current visit was associated with incident HPV, in an alternate model for the outcome of incident BV, HPV at the current, but not preceding, visit was associated with incident BV. Conclusion. These findings underscore the importance of prevention and successful treatment of bacterial vaginosis.

13: Cervical microbiota in women with preterm pre labor rupture of membranes

“…We can speculate whether the bacterial composition of cervical microbiota or the concurrent presence of viral infection of the cervix is responsible for the high rate of MIAC. It is well documented that bacterial vaginosis is a condition commonly associated with human papillomavirus infection of the cervix [48,49].…”

Influence of human papillomavirus infection on the vaginal microbiome of women with immunocompetency

“…Many infections can occur in the lower female genital tract and disrupt this intricately balanced vaginal ecosystem (1) . Moreover, a disrupted cervicovaginal environment due to a change from a protective bacterial population to a non-protective population can affect an individual's susceptibility to other infections (2) .…”

“…Moreover, a disrupted cervicovaginal environment due to a change from a protective bacterial population to a non-protective population can affect an individual's susceptibility to other infections (2) . The most common infectious disorders in the cervicovaginal milieu are related to Candida sp., Gardnerella vaginalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis and human papillomavirus (HPV) (1) . Among these, only those caused by Trichomonas, Chlamydia and HPV are considered sexually transmitted infections (STIs).…”

“…The influences of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis and candidiasis on the natural history of HPV have been well studied, but the results remain unclear. Some studies have reported an association between Candida and papillomavirus (3) , but most studies have found no relationship (1,4) . Trichomonas is also uncertainly associated with HPV; some studies have indicated a positive relationship (5,6) , while other studies have not (1,4) .…”

“…Many studies have shown a positive association between BV and HPV, even more consistently than those observed for other vaginal infections. King et al (1) , in a longitudinal multi-site investigation including 756 women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 380 uninfected women at high-risk for HIV, found that bacterial vaginosis was associated with increased prevalence and incidence of HPV and delayed clearance of infection, even with paired risk factors.…”