Bactericidal effect of magnesium ions over planktonic and sessile Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli

Rodríguez-Sánchez, Jesús; Pacha-Olivenza, Miguel A.; González-Martı́n, M.L.

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.09.050

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Although magnesium is an essential ion for the enzymes activity and can enhance coating formation on bacterial biofilms, it has also interesting properties against bacteria contamination [20][21][22][23]. The mechanisms behind this antibacterial effect are the alkalinization of the surrounding media and the great osmotic stress originated on the cells by the ingestion of magnesium ions [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging of Solvent-Casting PLA-Mg Hydrophobic Films: Impact on Bacterial Adhesion and Viability

et al. 2019

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Biomaterials used for the manufacture of biomedical devices must have suitable surface properties avoiding bacterial colonization and/or proliferation. Most biomaterial-related infections start during the surgery. Bacteria can begin colonization of the surface of a device right after implantation or in the next few hours. This time may also be sufficient to begin the deterioration of a biodegradable implant. This work explores the surface changes that hydrophobic films of poly(lactic) acid reinforced with Mg particles, prepared by solving-casting, undergone after in vitro degradation at different times. Hydrophobicity, surface tension, zeta potential, topography, and elemental composition were obtained from new and aged films. The initial degradation for 4 h was combined with unspecific bacterial adhesion and viability tests to check if degraded films are more or less susceptible to be contaminated. The degradation of the films decreases their hydrophobicity and causes the appearance of a biocompatible layer, composed mainly of magnesium phosphate. The release of Mg2+ is very acute at the beginning of the degradation process, and such positive charges may favor the electrostatic approach and attachment of Staphylococci. However, all bacteria attached on the films containing Mg particles appeared damaged, ensuring the bacteriostatic effect of these films, even after the first hours of their degradation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging of Solvent-Casting PLA-Mg Hydrophobic Films: Impact on Bacterial Adhesion and Viability

et al. 2019

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“…The multicomponent composition of the considered systems containing the magnesium alloy plate and PBS or bacterial dispersion in PBS, with the products of chemical interaction between the magnesium and the liquid phase, did not allow for unambiguously relating the pH of the liquid medium with the concentration of magnesium ions. At the same time, the ion concentration was considered as one of the determining factors for the bactericidal action of metals for bacterial cells, both planktonic and deposited onto the substrate [ 20 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. For example, the bactericidal effects of magnesium ions and the solution pH were differentiated in [ 32 ], and it was shown that a higher concentration of magnesium ions resulted in a more intense bactericidal effect, which the authors had related to the larger osmotic stresses exerted on the cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was shown that the increase in the concentration of Mg 2+ is accompanied by a stronger antibacterial effect. The observed phenomena were explained by the large osmotic stress damaging the cell’s wall, yielded by the higher concentration of Mg ions [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanisms of Antibacterial Activity of Magnesium Alloys with Extreme Wettability

et al. 2021

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In this study, we applied the method of nanosecond laser treatment for the fabrication of superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic magnesium-based surfaces with hierarchical roughness when the surface microrelief is evenly decorated by MgO nanoparticles. The comparative to the bare sample behavior of such surfaces with extreme wettability in contact with dispersions of bacteria cells Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was studied. To characterize the bactericidal activity of magnesium samples with different wettability immersed into a bacterial dispersion, we determined the time variation of the planktonic bacterial titer in the dispersion. To explore the anti-bacterial mechanisms of the magnesium substrates, a set of experimental studies on the evolution of the magnesium ion concentration in liquid, pH of the dispersion medium, surface morphology, composition, and wettability was performed. The obtained data made it possible to reveal two mechanisms that, in combination, play a key role in the bacterial decontamination of the liquid. These are the alkalization of the dispersion medium and the collection of bacterial cells by microrods growing on the surface as a result of the interaction of magnesium with the components of the buffer solution.

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“…Its rapid corrosion increases the concentration of magnesium ions locally, which alters the pH value and prohibits bacterial activities in vivo [70]. Though recent studies have further confirmed the significant antibacterial effect of magnesium ions on Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli (E. coli) [71], it is essential to note that with biofilms, bacteria can withstand external pH alterations and continue infecting the tissues [68].…”

Section: Anti-microbial Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Magnesium and Its Alloys: A Review

2021

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Magnesium is a promising material. It has a remarkable mix of mechanical and biomedical properties that has made it suitable for a vast range of applications. Moreover, with alloying, many of these inherent properties can be further improved. Today, it is primarily used in the automotive, aerospace, and medical industries. However, magnesium has its own set of drawbacks that the industry and research communities are actively addressing. Magnesium’s rapid corrosion is its most significant drawback, and it dramatically impeded magnesium’s growth and expansion into other applications. This article reviews both the engineering and biomedical aspects and applications for magnesium and its alloys. It will also elaborate on the challenges that the material faces and how they can be overcome and discuss its outlook.

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Bactericidal effect of magnesium ions over planktonic and sessile Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli

Cited by 33 publications

References 50 publications

Aging of Solvent-Casting PLA-Mg Hydrophobic Films: Impact on Bacterial Adhesion and Viability

Aging of Solvent-Casting PLA-Mg Hydrophobic Films: Impact on Bacterial Adhesion and Viability

The Mechanisms of Antibacterial Activity of Magnesium Alloys with Extreme Wettability

Applications of Magnesium and Its Alloys: A Review

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