Bactericidal properties of nanoscale zinc(II) and titanium (IV) oxides of different nature and their nanocomposites with polystyrene

Abstract

The samples with nano-titanium dioxide (X-ray amorphous, η-modification, Degussa P25 mixture of rutile and anatase, Hombifine N, and Hombikat UV100 with anatase) and hexagonal nano-ZnO both in pure form and as a part of polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites were studied for antibacterial activity in the dark against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Bacillus antracoides, and Candida albicans microorganisms by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Among the starting samples, ZnO exhibits ABA against all bacterial cultures in use; the sample with the η-phase exhibits ABA against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Bacillus antracoides; the X-ray amorphous TiO 2 exhibits ABA against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans; and the remaining samples have no ABA. The diameters of the microbial growth retardation zone for the η-phase/PS, X-ray amorphous TiO 2 /PS, and ZnO/PS nanocomposites were found to be less than those for the starting oxides; the range of microbes inhibited by ZnO/PS was smaller since it exhibited no ABA against Candida albicans, while such activity remained in the X-ray amorphous TiO 2 /PS nanocomposite.

Design of MFI Type Aluminum- and Titanium-Containing Zeolites

“…HZSM zeolites and NA/HZSM(12, 40, 300) nanocomposites do not exhibit antimicrobial properties [54] in contrast to nanocomposites NA:M/HZSM(40)-3 [65] and NA:M/ HZSM(300)-3 (Table 7). According to [42,65], antimicrobial activity is determined both by the physicochemical parameters of the sample (bulk and surface composition, size factor, and texture parameters) and by the nature of microorganisms.…”

“…NOT samples are considered mainly as a support [38] or promoter [39] for nitrous oxide decomposition. Antimicrobial activity of the samples with NOT with respect to bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Bacillus antracoides, and fungi Candida albicans is known, which is determined by both physicochemical properties of NOT modifications (the samples with NA prepared by hydrolysis of TiOSO 4 × xH 2 SO 4 × yH 2 O are most active with respect to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans [40], while the samples with η-phase (E) are most active with respect to Staphylococcus aureus [41,42]), and by the nature of bacteria and fungi. Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of NOT are conditioned by surface hydroxyl groups with high reaction activity, which are selfgenerated when contacting with water, which leads to high adsorption ability to extract Ni, Co, Sr, Zn, Ag, Cu, Hg, Cd, Tl, Pb, Mn, Rb, Cs, Sn, Cr, Sb, Al, V, As, P, Se, Te, Ta, U, and transuranic ions, regardless of the oxidation state, from aqueous systems, see, e.g., [43], and photocatalytic activity in an ultraviolet part of sunlight [44].…”

Nanoparticles as New Therapeutic Agents against Candida albicans

“…ZnONPs hybrid has been synthesized using chitosan, gelatin, and polystyrene, among others [75][76][77].…”

“…The use of ZnONPs alone showed Candida albicans inhibition. However, when ZnONPs are used in nanocomposites, a major concentration of ZnONPs to inhibit Candida albicans is necessary [77].…”