Bacteriocins from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Review of Biosynthesis, Mode of Action, Fermentative Production, Uses, and Prospects

Abstract

Abstract-Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides that help bacteria fight competing bacteria in microecological systems. Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have attracted much interest in recent years because of their properties that make them suitable as natural food preservatives against specific food pathogens, and as possible supplement to antibiotics against drug resistant bacterial strains. LAB bacteriocins are generally classified into the lantibiotics and non-lantibiotics, the latter divided into four subgroups. To date, only nisin and to a lesser extent, pediocin are the commercially applied bacteriocins for food use. Clinical applications are still limited to animal health. One of the more exciting prospects on the use of bacteriocins is the possibility of subjecting them to bioengineering to either increase antimicrobial activity or further specify their target microorganism. The latter would make it less damaging to the natural gut microflora, which is a common drawback of conventional antibiotic therapy. This paper focuses on the nature, biology, and applications of bacteriocins based on knowledge gained abroad and in the Philippines during the last two decades.

Natural Preservatives for Extending the Shelf‐Life of Seafood: A Revisit

“…Modification of LAB strains and optimization of process parameters, such as temperature, pH, and media composition have been reported to be cost effective and to increase the yield of bacteriocins (Abbasiliasi et al., ; Garsa, Kumariya, Sood, Kumar, & Kapila, ). The genes responsible for bacteriocin biosynthesis are generally clustered together with structural cognate immunity genes (Perez, Perez, & Elegado, ). Bacteriocins are typically synthesized as biologically inactive precursors, containing a modifiable N‐terminal leader peptide attached to the C‐terminal propeptide (Perez et al., ).…”

“…The genes responsible for bacteriocin biosynthesis are generally clustered together with structural cognate immunity genes (Perez, Perez, & Elegado, 2015). Bacteriocins are typically synthesized as biologically inactive precursors, containing a modifiable N-terminal leader peptide attached to the C-terminal propeptide (Perez et al, 2015). This inert substance is transformed into an active bacteriocin after undergoing an enzymatic process, known as bacteriocin maturation (Riley & Wertz, 2002), before it is transported out of the cell.…”

Isolation and Thermal Stabilization of Bacteriocin Nisin Derived from Whey for Antimicrobial Modifications of Polymers

“…There are two International Journal of Polymer Science killing mechanisms aiming at the properties of bacterial cell membrane [31]. At lower concentrations, nisin molecule is binding to lipid II, which has a role in correct cell wall synthesis and its blocking that causes the cell death.…”

Evaluation of the bacteriocin produced by strain 9 lactic acid bacteria isolate for biopreservation

“…The previous studies have shown a relationship between the amount of lipoteichoic acid in the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria (G+) and increased pediocin activity against G+ bacteria. There is higher pediocin activity when the acid concentration is increased in the walls of bacterial cells [ 27 , 28 ]. This result agrees with the previous statement, in which pediocin was evaluated as low-molecular-weight (2.7-17 KDa) cationic molecules.…”