Bacteriologic epidemiology and empirical treatment of pediatric complicated appendicitis

Peritoneal fluid culture and antibiotic treatment in patients with perforated appendicitis in a Pacific Island

“…11,13 A wide variation of positive culture rate has previously been described, ranging from 24% to 93%, 10,14,15 most likely explained by the various techniques employed for collection and transfer of specimens and culture.…”

The Role of DNA Amplification and Cultural Growth in Complicated Acute Appendicitis

“…Under this perspective, molecular biology could have a significant value when employed in epidemiological studies as previously demonstrated with growth cultures. 9,10,21 A combined use of RT-PCR and conventional culture which provides antibiograms on peritoneal fluid specimens in complicated acute appendicitis could be beneficial only for selected cases such as younger children and patients with comorbidities which are burdened by a higher risk of infectious complications.…”

“…The presence of bacteria within the peritoneal cavity during inflammatory processes was demonstrated at the beginning of the past century and the bacteria involved have been subsequently found, the most common ones being Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus species, Enterococcus species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 1,2 This led to the adjustment of post-operative empirical antibiotic treatment, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] although with the advent of broad spectrum antibiotics, routinary microbiological cultures of abdominal fluid specimens lost most of their importance. 11,12 Moreover, a specific disadvantage of cultures was that both pathogen identification and antibiotic sensitivity results were often available only after patients discharge.…”

Comparaison de deux protocoles d’antibioprophylaxie associée à l’appendicectomie de l’enfant

“…Dans cette étude, nous avons pu observer que le protocole à base d'amoxicillineacide clavulanique permettait de maintenir un taux de complications infectieuses comparable à ceux décrits dans la littérature, sans différence significative avec le taux observé avec l'utilisation d'antibiotiques à plus large spectre. La flore appendiculaire est le plus souvent polymicrobienne aérobie et anaérobie [6,7]. L'antibioprophylaxie, au cours des appendicites non perforées, ne vise pas à couvrir toutes les bactéries susceptibles d'entraîner une infection mais uniquement les plus fréquentes.…”