Bacteriological and Clinical Evaluation of 32 Cases of Diabetic Foot

Abstract

Objective:The primary objective of the present study was to investigate clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients diagnosed with diabetic foot (DF) in order to aid in selection of antibiotic treatment and clinical follow-up. Potential relationship between DF, renal complications, and the mechanism of action of diseases were examined. Methods:Thirty-two patients diagnosed with DF in Department of Internal Medicine between June 2014 and June 2015 were enrolled in the study. Retrospective screening of medical data was conducted and patient lipid and microalbuminuria levels, microalbumin/creatinine ratio, creatinine clearance (formulated using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration [CKD-EPI] equation), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were recorded. Results:Of the 32 patients diagnosed with DF, 13 were female (40.6%) and 19 were male (59.4%). Age range was 32 to 88 years, and mean age was 59.03±10.3 years. Duration of disease of the patients was 5 to 40 years at time of study, and mean was 15.5±7.06 years. Mean HbA1c level was 9.01±2.26% (range: 5.4-14.7%). Mean CKD-EPI level was 75±27.34 mL/min/1.73 m2 (range: 11-130 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ). Bacterial growth was observed in 22 cases (68.8%), and was not detected in 10 cases (31.3%). Two cases (6.3%) presented with growth of multiple microorganisms. Conclusion:Evaluation of causative microorganisms in terms of patient age and gender revealed main bacterial species found were Gram-positive cocci bacteria. There was no statistically significant difference based on CKD-EPI level in terms of mean duration (p=0.001; p<0.01). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria present among cases having CKD-EPI level of 60-89 mL/dk/m 2 .