Bacteriological Findings and Hormonal Profiles in the Postpartum Balady Goats

Abstract

Twenty-six Balady goats categorized according to parity into primiparous and pluriparous goats were used to investigate bacterial flora of the genital tract and hormonal profiles during the postpartum (PP) period. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in pure or mixed culture from the uterus. Arcanobacterium pyogenes was isolated from swabs obtained from the vagina and cervix of one primiparous goat. Uteri and cervices but not vaginas were free of bacterial contamination by day 10 PP except for one pluriparous goat with scanty E. coli contamination on day 25 PP. Fluctuating oestradiol 17beta (E2) levels demonstrated resumption of follicular activity as early as day 13 PP in both parity groups. Progesterone (P4) levels remained low at basal levels throughout the study period. Higher concentrations of 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2alpha (PGFM) were observed during the first week PP compared with the rest of the PP period. PGFM concentrations dropped to low basal level by day 10 PP and remained constantly low throughout the study period. P4, E2 and PGFM profiles were not different between the different parity groups. In conclusion, intrauterine infection is not common in goats with normal kidding. E. coli was the most common intrauterine bacterial isolate. E2 and P4 profiles were consistent with resumption of follicular growth but not ovulation. High PGFM concentrations coincided with the fast regression phase of uterine involution. Hormonal profile and bacterial contamination and clearance were similar to those reported in other related species and not related to parity.

Follicular Turnover and Hormonal Association in Postpartum Goats During Early and Late Lactation

“…For the PRL assay, anti-ovine PRL, NIDDK-anti-oPRL (AFP-C3581069II), and ovine purified PRL, NIDDK-oPRL-I-2 (AFP-7150B), were used for iodination and reference standards. The inter-assay coefficients of variation (CVs) for estradiol, progesterone, FSH, LH, immunoreactive-inhibin and PRL were 3 …”

“…Follicular activity resumed as early as Day 13 in the ovaries of postpartum goats, and medium-or large-sized follicles were present in the ovaries soon after [3]. Sosa [4] showed that the goat ovarian cyclicity resumed after complete uterine involution at the 5th week postpartum.…”

“…Previous findings in other ruminants including the wave-like pattern of follicular growth, follicular dominance and the role of progesterone in follicular turnover, have been recently extended to the Caprine species [2]. Nevertheless, information regarding ovarian activity and the mechanisms regulating the postpartum anestrous period in goats is still scarce.Follicular activity resumed as early as Day 13 in the ovaries of postpartum goats, and medium-or large-sized follicles were present in the ovaries soon after [3]. Sosa [4] showed that the goat ovarian cyclicity resumed after complete uterine involution at the 5th week postpartum.…”

Isolation and identification of some aerobic bacterial flora from female genitalia in Goats in Babylon city

“…Although the type of bacteria present and the role they play is not well understood, under stressful conditions they may cause disease (1). A variety of bacteria have been isolated from the genitalia of the doe and these include (Staphylococci, streptococci , Actinomyces, Pseudomonas, E.coli, mycoplasma and Brucella species (2). , these organisms have been associated with disease condition of the genitalia of animals (3).…”

Hormonal Profiles of Late Gestation Ewes Following Intra-uterine Inoculation With and Without Lux-modified Escherichia coli

“…Similarly in the ewe, the uterus is rendered resistant to bacterial infection when progesterone levels are low, while the uterus becomes susceptible to post partum infections with progesterone supplementation [5]. In goats, low estrogen levels with low progesterone probably enhanced the uterine immune system post partum [6]. Thus resistance to uterine infections have been reported among livestock when concentrations of progesterone are basal, yet when concentrations of progesterone are increased animals become more susceptible to infection [4,[7][8][9].…”