Bacteriology of chronic maxillary sinusitis at Kenyatta National hospital, Nairobi

Kamau, James; Macharia, I; Odhiambo, P. A.

doi:10.4314/eamj.v78i7.9004

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The penicillins were similarly found to be least sensitive in a study by Ologe et al 4 in Ilorin, where ofloxacin had 100% sensitivity. Kamau et al 14 reported that erythromycin, cefadroxil, chloramphenicol and amoxicillin have high sensitivity, while ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, and pefloxacin had poor sensitivity in Kenya, showing both comparable and contrasting features with the present study. This may be due to a difference in the antibiotic resistance pattern in different geographical regions in the country.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Isolates in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Kaduna, Nigeria

Musa¹,

Kodiya

Kirfi

et al. 2018

Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Introduction A common practice in the management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the empirical use of antibiotics may contribute to treatment failure and to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Objective To determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria associated with CRS. Methods This was a prospective cross-sectional study in which endoscopically guided middle meatal swabs (IBM Spss, version 16.0, Chicago, IL, USA) were aseptically taken from patients diagnosed with CRS after obtaining informed consent and ethical clearance. The samples were sent to the laboratory for qualitative and semiquantitative analysis via gram stain, aerobic, anaerobic cultures and antibacterial sensitivity tests. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 16 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). Simple statistical parameters and paired sample t-test were used, as appropriate. Results There were 74 (56.92%) bacterial growths, out of which 55 (74.32%) were aerobic and 19 (25.68%) were anaerobic isolates, from a total of 130 patients. About 13 (17.5%–18%) of these bacterial growths yielded a mixed growth of aerobic and anaerobic isolates. The most common bacterial isolates were 26 (35.14%) Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae 9 (12.16%), Streptococcus viridians 8 (10.81%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae 5 (6.76%). Augmentin, ciprofloxacin, and Peflacine were found to be most effective, followed by levofloxacin, Rocephin, erythromycin and Zinat in that order. Conclusion Augmentin, ciprofloxacin and Peflacine have a sensitivity of 100%, while most of the organisms show resistance to Ampiclox, amoxicillin, and Septrin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Isolates in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Kaduna, Nigeria

Musa¹,

Kodiya

Kirfi

et al. 2018

Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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“…Les cultures stériles peuvent s'expliquer par le non-respect des techniques de prélèvement, des délais d'acheminement et de traitement des échantillons, des difficultés liées à la recherche de certains germes et les antibiothérapies antérieures effectuées par certains patients. Le streptococcus pneumoniae (Pneumocoque) suivi du staphylococcus aureus étaient les germes les plus fréquents dans cette étude et dans celles de Kamau et al [8] au Kenya et de Kalcioglu et al en turquie [9], par contre le staphylococcus aureus était plus fréquents dans les séries de Gehanno [10], de Aneke [11] et Fairbanks [12]. …”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Profil bacteriologique des sinusites maxillaires chroniques suppurees d’origine nasale de l’adulte au CHU Tokoin de Lomé

Amana¹,

Yaotse²,

Pegbessou³

et al. 2013

Pan Afr Med J

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Le but de cette étude était de déterminer les germes responsables des sinusites maxillaires chroniques et leur sensibilité aux antibiotiques usuels. Il s'agit d'une étude prospective menée sur 24 mois chez des patients reçus pour sinusite maxillaire chronique suppurée d'origine nasale. L'examen bactériologique était réalisé sur des prélèvements de pus obtenus par ponction des sinus. Sur les 100 prélèvements, 64 cultures (64%) étaient positives, dont 60 cultures étaient monomicrobiennes. Les germes les plus fréquemment isolés étaient le Streptococcus pneumoniae dans 20 cas (27.78%), le Staphylococcus aureus dans 15 cas (20.83%) et les streptocoques du groupe A dans 10 cas (13.89%). Les souches de Streptococcus pneumoniae étaient toutes sensible aux céphalosporines, aux quinolones, aux macrolides et à l'oxacilline. Les souches de Staphylococcus aureus avaient présenté 93.34% de résistance à la pénicilline G. Aucune souche n’était résistante à l'Oxacilline. Les streptocoques du groupe A avaient une sensibilité de 80 à 100% aux bétalactamines et aux macrolides, et 60% aux quinolones. L’écologie bactérienne des sinusites maxillaires chroniques suppurées de l'adulte est dominée par le Streptococcus pneumoniae et le Staphylococcus aureus. Ces germes sont sensibles aux quinolones et aux aminosides.

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“…The one-year all-cause mortality rate is 34% for Sub-Saharan Africa [ 5 ]. A study at a tertiary care hospital in Kenya reported a four- to six-month hospitalization rate for HF and a mortality rate of 38% and 25%-38%, respectively [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Self-Management Strategies in Patients With Heart Failure: A Narrative Review

Koikai,

Khan

2023

Cureus

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Heart failure (HF) is a common condition with high morbidity and mortality. Self-management strategies for heart failure can be effective in improving patients' quality of life and reducing mortality and hospitalization for heart failure. These self-management strategies are also cost-effective. A complex interplay between various factors related to patients, therapy, healthcare, and socioeconomic factors influences the effectiveness of self-management strategies. The primary aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of self-management strategies in patients with heart failure in reducing mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, and healthcare cost savings at six months and one year. The secondary aim is to determine adherence to self-management strategies in patients with HF. The current study is a narrative review of studies evaluating the effectiveness of self-management strategies in heart failure. A literature search was done in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library for studies published in the English language between 2012 and 2022. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of studies and interventions. We calculated odds ratios, risk ratios, or mean differences to calculate the effect of self-management strategies on mortality, hospitalization for HF, and healthcare costs between patient groups. We included a total of 30 studies in our narrative review: eight cross-sectional studies and 22 randomized controlled trials. These studies showed a significant effect of self-management strategies on mortality at six- and 12-month follow-ups. Studies on the effectiveness of self-management strategies on hospitalization for heart failure showed benefits at six and 12 months. Self-management strategies are cost-effective and feasible with improved disability-adjusted life years (DALY). One study showed higher costs associated with self-management strategies and only a slight decrease in DALY. Overall, adherence to self-management strategies was inadequate in these studies. Novel and innovative self-management interventions improve therapy adherence. There was a lack of uniformity in using tools to assess self-management across studies. There was a lack of ethnic diversity in the individual studies, limiting the generalization of these studies' findings. Our review showed that self-management strategies are beneficial for heart failure-related hospitalization, reduce mortality and hospitalization for heart failure, and are cost-effective. The use of innovative approaches like smartphone applications improves adherence.

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Bacteriology of chronic maxillary sinusitis at Kenyatta National hospital, Nairobi

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Isolates in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Kaduna, Nigeria

Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Isolates in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Kaduna, Nigeria

Profil bacteriologique des sinusites maxillaires chroniques suppurees d’origine nasale de l’adulte au CHU Tokoin de Lomé

The Effectiveness of Self-Management Strategies in Patients With Heart Failure: A Narrative Review

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