Bacteriophage Prevalence in the Genus
            <i>Azospirillum</i>
            and Analysis of the First Genome Sequence of an
            <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>
            Integrative Phage

Boyer, Mickaël; Haurat, Jacqueline; Samain, Sylvie; Ségurens, Béatrice; Gavory, Frédérick; González, Víctor; Mavingui, Patrick; Rohr, René; Bally, René; Wisniewski‐Dyé, Florence

doi:10.1128/aem.02099-07

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…This region could correspond to the 65-kb prophage previously isolated from this strain [15]. This putative prophage of A. brasilense Sp245 shows no homology to a prophage sequence obtained from A. brasilense Cd, an observation which is consistent with the absence of hydridization signal previously reported [15]; in addition, this region has no equivalent in the genome of A. brasilense CBG497.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Moreover, very little synteny was found between replicons of Azospirillum strains and more genomic rearrangements could be pinpointed in Azospirillum genomes compared to rhizobial genomes known for their genome plasticity [12]. This extraordinary genome plasticity was previously described experimentally in Azospirillum : indeed, the appearance of phenotypic variants was correlated with plasmid loss or reorganization [14] and the presence of bacteriophages was evidenced [15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome Sequence of Azospirillum brasilense CBG497 and Comparative Analyses of Azospirillum Core and Accessory Genomes provide Insight into Niche Adaptation

Wisniewski‐Dyé

Lozano

Acosta-Cruz

et al. 2012

Genes

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Bacteria of the genus Azospirillum colonize roots of important cereals and grasses, and promote plant growth by several mechanisms, notably phytohormone synthesis. The genomes of several Azospirillum strains belonging to different species, isolated from various host plants and locations, were recently sequenced and published. In this study, an additional genome of an A. brasilense strain, isolated from maize grown on an alkaline soil in the northeast of Mexico, strain CBG497, was obtained. Comparative genomic analyses were performed on this new genome and three other genomes (A. brasilense Sp245, A. lipoferum 4B and Azospirillum sp. B510). The Azospirillum core genome was established and consists of 2,328 proteins, representing between 30% to 38% of the total encoded proteins within a genome. It is mainly chromosomally-encoded and contains 74% of genes of ancestral origin shared with some aquatic relatives. The non-ancestral part of the core genome is enriched in genes involved in signal transduction, in transport and in metabolism of carbohydrates and amino-acids, and in surface properties features linked to adaptation in fluctuating environments, such as soil and rhizosphere. Many genes involved in colonization of plant roots, plant-growth promotion (such as those involved in phytohormone biosynthesis), and properties involved in rhizosphere adaptation (such as catabolism of phenolic compounds, uptake of iron) are restricted to a particular strain and/or species, strongly suggesting niche-specific adaptation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Sequence of Azospirillum brasilense CBG497 and Comparative Analyses of Azospirillum Core and Accessory Genomes provide Insight into Niche Adaptation

Wisniewski‐Dyé

Lozano

Acosta-Cruz

et al. 2012

Genes

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“…The latter may indicate the strengthening of the root system formation which is consistent with literature data on the stimulating effect of Azospirillum on wheat [23,24]. Some properties of bacteriophage FAb-Sp7 isolated from the A. brasilense Sp7 cells have been described earlier [18]. In our studies, the mean number of roots after the treatment of wheat seedlings with bacteriophage preparations was actually unchanged (Table 2).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In most cases, bacteriophages were isolated from various environmental objects, including soil [12][13][14][15][16][17], and just some studies describe bacteriophages from soil bacteria associations. Thus, in the study of 24 soil bacteriophage strains that stimulate the growth of plants, it was first found [18] Our purpose was to study the effect of Azospirillum bacteriophages on the growth and development of the root system in wheat seedlings in an in vitro microorganism-plant system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHANGES IN THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE ROOT SYSTEM OF WHEAT INOCULATED WITH Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 AND BACTERIOPHAGE FAb-Sp7

Гулий¹,

Sokolova²,

Sokolov³

et al. 2015

S-h. biol.

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A b s t r a c tThe Azospirillum is one of the most common objects to study associative interactions between bacteria and plants. In the rhizosphere of cereals the Azospirillum cells form effective association and demonstrate a stimulating effect on plant growth and development, in particular in wheat. However, the details of these positive effects are still unknown. For example, there is no evidence of whether the Azospirillum cells are infected with bacteriophages, and little is known about the role that the bacteriohages of soil microorganisms can play in the development of associative relationship between microorganisms and plants. Nevertheless, the bacteriophages are well known to control the bacteria number in the population and be involved in genetic transduction. Note that the studied bacteriophages are mostly isolated from environment, in particular, from soil, while the bacteriphages of associative soil bacteria still remain poorly studied. To evaluated changes in the morphology of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) root system in Saratovskaya 29 variety after inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 bacterial cells and bacteriophage FAb-Sp7, isolated from these cells, we first inoculated the 3-day old wheat seedlings with A. brasilense Sp7 at 10 8 , 10 6 , 10 4 cells per 1 ml. It resulted in a decrease in the length of the root, and the number of lateral roots grew considerably at 10 2 cells per 1 ml. After treatment wiht bacteriophage FAb-Sp7 an average number of roots remained unchanged. It was shown that wheat seedling inoculation with Azospirillum suspension resulted in a 3-fold decrease in root elongation zone, and the suction zone reduced 1.5 times. Treatment of wheat seedlings with a suspension containing Azospirillum and phages resulted in a 3.3-fold decrease in the tensile zone, but the root hair zone remained unchanged. Using confocal microscopy we demonstrated that incubation of wheat seedlings with Azospirillum at 10 2 cells per 1 ml significantly increased the number and length of root hairs (on average by 40 %) compared with the control. It was shown that a simultaneous inoculation with Azospirillum Sp7 cells and bacteriophage FAb-Sp7 also increased the number and length of root hairs (60 % on average) compared with control. It is suggested that bacteriophages of Azospirillum are involved into complex interaction of bacteria with wheat root system, and can influence on and, ultimately, determine the effectiveness of associative relationships between the plant and microorganisms.Keywords: Azospirillum brasilense, bacteriophages, wheat, root system. The representatives of Azospirillum are among the most common objects for the study of associative interactions between bacteria and plants [1]. Azospirillae belong to -proteobacteria of the Rhodospirillaceae family capable of assimilating atmospheric nitrogen. In natural conditions, they can colonize both the surface and internal tissues of plant roots, mainly in cereals [2][3][4], and formation of these symbioses increases cereal productivi...

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“…GTA particles in R. capsulatus are known to contain an ϳ4.5-kb DNA fragment (29). A 10-kb DNA fragment associated with GTA has been reported in the alphaproteobacterium Azospirillum lipoferum (6). Recently it was found that virus-like particles released from Silicibacter sp.…”

Section: Ism Produces Inducible Virus-like Particles (Vlps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for a “Hidden” Prophage in a Marine Bacterium

Zhao

Wang

Ackermann

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Prophages are common in many bacterial genomes. Distinguishing putatively viable prophages from nonviable sequences can be a challenge, since some prophages are remnants of once-functional prophages that have been rendered inactive by mutational changes. In some cases, a putative prophage may be missed due to the lack of recognizable prophage loci. The genome of a marine roseobacter, Roseovarius nubinhibens ISM (hereinafter referred to as ISM), was recently sequenced and was reported to contain no intact prophage based on customary bioinformatic analysis. However, prophage induction experiments performed with this organism led to a different conclusion. In the laboratory, virus-like particles in the ISM culture increased more than 3 orders of magnitude following induction with mitomycin C. After careful examination of the ISM genome sequence, a putative prophage (ISM-pro1) was identified. Although this prophage contains only minimal phage-like genes, we demonstrated that this "hidden" prophage is inducible. Genomic analysis and reannotation showed that most of the ISM-pro1 open reading frames (ORFs) display the highest sequence similarity with Rhodobacterales bacterial genes and some ORFs are only distantly related to genes of other known phages or prophages. Comparative genomic analyses indicated that ISM-pro1-like prophages or prophage remnants are also present in other Rhodobacterales genomes. In addition, the lysis of ISM by this previously unrecognized prophage appeared to increase the production of gene transfer agents (GTAs). Our study suggests that a combination of in silico genomic analyses and experimental laboratory work is needed to fully understand the lysogenic features of a given bacterium.

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Bacteriophage Prevalence in the Genus Azospirillum and Analysis of the First Genome Sequence of an Azospirillum brasilense Integrative Phage

Cited by 26 publications

References 65 publications

Genome Sequence of Azospirillum brasilense CBG497 and Comparative Analyses of Azospirillum Core and Accessory Genomes provide Insight into Niche Adaptation

Genome Sequence of Azospirillum brasilense CBG497 and Comparative Analyses of Azospirillum Core and Accessory Genomes provide Insight into Niche Adaptation

CHANGES IN THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE ROOT SYSTEM OF WHEAT INOCULATED WITH Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 AND BACTERIOPHAGE FAb-Sp7

Searching for a “Hidden” Prophage in a Marine Bacterium

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