Bacteriophage therapeutics to confront multidrug‐resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> ‐ a global health menace

Rai, Sandhya; Kumar, Amod

doi:10.1111/1758-2229.12988

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The bacteria that are part of ESKAPE ( Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Kleibsiella pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter species ) are important drug-resistant pathogens. Among these, Acinetobacter baumannii is regarded as a global problem because of its potential to gain antibiotic resistance at a staggering rate ( Rai and Kumar, 2022 ). A. baumannii is a significant nosocomial and opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium, causing infections worldwide, especially in intensive care units (ICU).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Endolysins: a new antimicrobial agent against antimicrobial resistance. Strategies and opportunities in overcoming the challenges of endolysins against Gram-negative bacteria

Khan,

Rasheed,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are rapidly emerging, and the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii poses a severe threat to humans and healthcare organizations, due to the lack of innovative antibacterial drugs. Endolysins, which are peptidoglycan hydrolases encoded by a bacteriophage, are a promising new family of antimicrobials. Endolysins have been demonstrated as an effective therapeutic agent against bacterial infections of A. baumannii and many other Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Endolysin research has progressed from basic in vitro characterization to sophisticated protein engineering methodologies, including advanced preclinical and clinical testing. Endolysin are therapeutic agent that shows antimicrobial properties against bacterial infections caused by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, there are still barriers to their implementation in clinical settings, such as safety concerns with outer membrane permeabilizers (OMP) use, low efficiency against stationary phase bacteria, and stability issues. The application of protein engineering and formulation techniques to improve enzyme stability, as well as combination therapy with other types of antibacterial drugs to optimize their medicinal value, have been reviewed as well. In this review, we summarize the clinical development of endolysin and its challenges and approaches for bringing endolysin therapies to the clinic. This review also discusses the different applications of endolysins.

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Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Endolysins: a new antimicrobial agent against antimicrobial resistance. Strategies and opportunities in overcoming the challenges of endolysins against Gram-negative bacteria

Khan,

Rasheed,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Phage therapy is currently one of the best hopes for the future control of Gram-negative severe infections that are difficult to eradicate with antibiotics [189 ▪ –192 ▪ ]. This form of treatment first requires the availability of phages with lytic capacity for a specific bacterium, in this case, AB, of which more than 100 have been isolated to date [193,194 ▪ –201 ▪ ].…”

Section: What Are the Alternative Treatments For Acinetobacter Bauman...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How to treat severe Acinetobacter baumannii infections

Bouza,

Muñoz,

Burillo

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of review To update the management of severe Acinetobacter baumannii infections (ABI), particularly those caused by multi-resistant isolates. Recent findings The in vitro activity of the various antimicrobial agents potentially helpful in treating ABI is highly variable and has progressively decreased for many of them, limiting current therapeutic options. The combination of more than one drug is still advisable in most circumstances. Ideally, two active first-line drugs should be used. Alternatively, a first-line and a second-line drug and, if this is not possible, two or more second-line drugs in combination. The emergence of new agents such as Cefiderocol, the combination of Sulbactam and Durlobactam, and the new Tetracyclines offer therapeutic options that need to be supported by clinical evidence. Summary The apparent limitations in treating infections caused by this bacterium, the rapid development of resistance, and the serious underlying situation in most cases invite the search for alternatives to antibiotic treatment, the most promising of which seems to be bacteriophage therapy.

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“…Bacteriophages, particularly lytic ones, have shown promise as anti-A. baumannii therapeutics [103]. Both options are using phages in monophage therapy, phage cocktails, or in conjunction with antibiotics [104].…”

Section: Bacteriophagementioning

confidence: 99%

The Battle Against Antibiotic Resistance: Novel Therapeutic Options for Acinetobacter baumannii

Emami,

Pirbonyeh,

Javanmardi

2023

Acinetobacter Baumannii - The Rise of a Resistant Pathogen

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Undoubtedly, Acinetobacter baumannii stands out as one of the most effective bacteria responsible for nosocomial infections within the healthcare system. Due to its multidrug-resistant nature and the frequency of outbreaks that it causes the treatment of infections caused by this bacterium is challenging, antimicrobial combination therapy has been utilized to treat multidrug resistance Gram-negatives when monotherapy is ineffective. In contrast to antibiotics or short peptides, which possess only the capacity to bind and regulate a specific target, antibodies exhibit supplementary properties attributed to their Fc region, including opsonophagocytic activity, the agglutination process, and activation of the complement system. The criticality of antibodies is exemplified in triggering immunity against A. baumannii, stimulating protective mechanisms, preventing bacterial attachment to epithelial cells, opsonization, and complement-dependent bacterial destruction. Given antibodies’ significant role in humoral immunity, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) may be generated to specifically bind to certain targets, thereby providing supplemental defense as a form of immunotherapy or passive immunization. Many encouraging tactics, ranging from phage therapy to immunotherapy, are being scrutinized for their efficacy in treating infectious diseases, thus shaping the future treatment landscape.

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Bacteriophage therapeutics to confront multidrug‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ‐ a global health menace

Cited by 17 publications

References 79 publications

Endolysins: a new antimicrobial agent against antimicrobial resistance. Strategies and opportunities in overcoming the challenges of endolysins against Gram-negative bacteria

Endolysins: a new antimicrobial agent against antimicrobial resistance. Strategies and opportunities in overcoming the challenges of endolysins against Gram-negative bacteria

How to treat severe Acinetobacter baumannii infections

The Battle Against Antibiotic Resistance: Novel Therapeutic Options for Acinetobacter baumannii

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