Bacteriophage Utilization in Animal Hygiene

Klopatek, Sarah C; Callaway, Todd R.; Wickersham, T.A.; Sheridan, Trisha; Nisbet, David J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40598-8_30-1

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Monogastric animals (swine, poultry) have a highly acidic stomach that serves as a barrier to microbial passage, though some microorganisms do get through. These harsh conditions mean that phages administered orally must be protected from degradation or be highly acid resistant (Doyle & Erickson, 2012;Klopatek et al, 2018). Poultry has an additional complication in having a pre-gastric crop, subject to colonisation by Salmonella and Campylobacter (Klopatek et al, 2018).…”

Section: Bacteriophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat safety and quality: a biological approach

Nielsen

Colle

Ünlü

2020

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Safe, high-quality meat that is minimally processed, containing few added chemicals, is what is desired by the modern consumer. Biological approaches to meat safety appear more natural and, thus, are more readily acceptable. In this review, we examine biological approaches for meat safety and quality in the preharvest animal as well as during slaughter and in the post-harvest processing of the meat product. Biological components, including probiotics (Direct-Fed Microbials), vaccines, bacteriocins and lytic bacteriophage, are important components of a comprehensive approach to meat safety and quality.

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Section: Bacteriophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat safety and quality: a biological approach

Nielsen

Colle

Ünlü

2020

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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“…The pre-harvest application field includes the usage of phages in agriculture against plant specific pathogens (Figure 2(A1)) [94,95,96], for treatment of animals prior to slaughter [97] and as a direct animal treatment applied over the feed to ensure the physical health of the animal (Figure 2(A2)) [98]. Given the nature of such pre-harvest application fields, immediate phage removal after application is undesired and especially in the case of agriculture neither economic nor ecological, given the spacious treated area [92,99,100]. The same is of course true if living animals are directly treated with phages [98,101,102,103].…”

Section: Commercial Phage Products Their Application Field and Lementioning

confidence: 99%

Don’t Shut the Stable Door after the Phage Has Bolted—The Importance of Bacteriophage Inactivation in Food Environments

Sommer

Trautner

Witte

et al. 2019

Viruses

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In recent years, a new potential measure against foodborne pathogenic bacteria was rediscovered—bacteriophages. However, despite all their advantages, in connection to their widespread application in the food industry, negative consequences such as an uncontrolled phage spread as well as a development of phage resistant bacteria can occur. These problems are mostly a result of long-term persistence of phages in the food production environment. As this topic has been neglected so far, this article reviews the current knowledge regarding the effectiveness of disinfectant strategies for phage inactivation and removal. For this purpose, the main commercial phage products, as well as their application fields are first discussed in terms of applicable inactivation strategies and legal regulations. Secondly, an overview of the effectiveness of disinfectants for bacteriophage inactivation in general and commercial phages in particular is given. Finally, this review outlines a possible strategy for users of commercial phage products in order to improve the effectiveness of phage inactivation and removal after application.

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“…Фаги поширюються всередині бактерії-господаря і виробляють деполімерази, які гідролізують позаклітинні біоплівки полімерів. Бактеріофаги широко поширені і є природними обмежувачами розповсюдження бактерій (Klopatek et al, 2018). На відміну від антибіотиків фаги можуть знищувати цільові бактерії, не впливаючи на нормальну мікрофлору (Lopetuso et al, 2019).…”

Section: вступunclassified

“…Стійкість у 19,1% культур S. aureus var. hominis можна пояснити розвитком бактеріальної резистентності, яка включає в себе порушення механізмів адсорбції в результаті втрати специфічних рецепторів на поверхні бактеріальної клітини або їх блокування капсульними екзополісахаридами; пору-шенням "ін'єкції" фагового геному або ж стійкість бактерій до суперінфекцій аналогічними фагами (Klopatek et al, 2018). Також одним з найбільш важливих результатів досліджень останніх років стало виявлення і опис CRISPR/cas-системи, свого роду імунної відповіді у прокаріот, з допомогою якої бактерія здатна "запам'ятовувати" історію своєї колишньої зустрічі з фагом і руйнувати його генетичний матеріал (Lopetuso et al, 2019).…”

Section: обговоренняunclassified

Lytic Activity of Staphylococcal Bacteriophage on Different Biotypes of Staphylococcus aureus

Horiuk

2019

SMLNUVMB

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Bacteriophage is a virus that infects a bacterium by injecting a phage genome into a bacterial cytoplasm and uses a host cell as a propagation mechanism. The studied models of phages show a narrow range of hosts. Previous studies on the investigation of lytic activity of staphylococcal bacteriophages were focused on determining the sensitivity of S. aureus isolated from patients from different clinical material and clinically healthy people. However, there is no information as to how refractory are the already described agents against S. aureus ecovars, isolated from animals. The purpose of the work is to study the lytic activity of the agent “Staphylococcal Bacteriophage” in relation to different biotypes of Staphylococcus aureus. Microbiological treatment of samples for isolation of S. aureus was performed using BD Baird-Parker Agar according to standard techniques. To confirm the presence of S. aureus, tests were used for catalase, coagulase, oxidase, for D-mannitol fermentation, DNase production and acetoin. In cultures belonging to S. aureus, the biotype was determined using the scheme: determining the colour of pigment, the presence of beta hemolysis, the activity of coagulase in the bovine plasma, the formation of colonies in a medium with crystal violet. Determination of the range of action of bacteriophages in relation to clinical isolates of microorganisms was carried out by droplet method. The results of determining the lytic activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage in relation to S. aureus isolates of various biological origin showed that the lytic activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage is most active against S. aureus var. hominis. From the studied cultures S. aureus var. hominis full lysis in the course of dripping were found only in 4.8%, and in 42.8% of cultures showed a semiconfluent lysis. 14.3% of cultures S. aureus var. hominis were subjected to weak lytic activity of the bacteriophage. Also, there were detected 4,8% of cultures of this biotype, which were resistant to staphylococcal bacteriophage. In the study of lytic activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage up to 35 cultures S. aureus var. bovis, the manifestation of the lytic action of only one culture is established. Moreover, the level of lysis was estimated at “+/–”, that is, they showed less than 20 phage colonies. At the same time, the studied by us staphylococcal bacteriophage did not show the lytic action on S. aureus var. avium and S. aureus var. canis. Therefore, conducted studies have shown that the lytic activity of the agent “Staphylococcal Bacteriophage” is directed mainly to S. aureus var. hominis, and practically does not work on other biotypes. In consideration of the apparent lack of activity of phage agents in relation to the studied biotypes, attention should be focused on the specificity of phages, not only within the species of bacteria, but also within their biotypes.

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Bacteriophage Utilization in Animal Hygiene

Cited by 5 publications

References 122 publications

Meat safety and quality: a biological approach

Meat safety and quality: a biological approach

Don’t Shut the Stable Door after the Phage Has Bolted—The Importance of Bacteriophage Inactivation in Food Environments

Lytic Activity of Staphylococcal Bacteriophage on Different Biotypes of Staphylococcus aureus

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