Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of 24 antimicrobial agents against Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni

Abstract

The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of 24 antimicrobial agents were tested with the Dynatech MIC 2000 system against 86 strains of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni from human sources. The penicillins (penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxycillin, carbenicillin) had poor activity. Ampicillin and amoxycillin were equally active. Cefotaxime revealed a rather good activity. Erythromycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and furazolidone were the most active compounds. Two strains (2.3%) were resistant to erythromycin. One strain (1.2%) was completely resistant to tobramycin. The tetracyclines (tetracyline, doxycycline, minocycline) were generally effective, but 8% of the strains were totally resistant to them. Minocycline was the most active. Chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and clindamycin had good activity. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal distributions for colistin, nalidixic acid, and metronidazole were broad.Since King (8) identified campylobacters as a possible cause of enteritis in humans, these microorganisms have become important pathogens, especially since 1972 when workers in Brussels (5) facilitated the isolation of the organisms by use of a selective technique. Since that time Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni (C. jejuni) became a frequently isolated enteropathogenic microorganism (2, 7, 13) with a worldwide distribution (6, 9, 12). It has also been associated with other pathologies (4,11,19).The seriously ill and septicemic patient should be treated, but until now there has been little information to guide the therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro activity of various antibiotics, as well as their degree of bactericidal action on campylobacters. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains. Eighty-six strains of C. jejuni isolated from human stools (5) were used in this study.

In Vitro Susceptibility of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni to N -Formimidoyl Thienamycin, Rosaramicin, Cefoperazone, and Other Antimicrobial Agents

“…The activities of gentamicin and cefotaxime were judged good from our results and compared favorably with the results of other investigators (10). In this study ampicillin and chloramphenicol inhibited over 90% of the strains tested at concentrations that are easily achievable in the blood.…”

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter sp strains isolated from calves with and without diarrhea in Minas Gerais state, Brazil

“…However, the occurrence of strains resistant to tetracycline has been reported by several authors (2,14,27,34,35). Aarestrup et al (1), in a study performed in Denmark, observed that the resistance to tetracycline is more common in strains isolated from humans than from domestic animals.…”

“…were susceptible to erythromycin, the drug of first choice for the treatment of human enteric infection caused by C. jejuni and C. coli. Some studies have already demonstrated the development of resistance of C. jejuni and C. coli strains to erythromycin (2,11,15,40,35), although Gaudreau and Gilbert (14), in Canada, did not find resistant C. jejuni strains to this antimicrobial. In general, strains isolated from swine present higher rates of resistance to erythromycin, because macrolides are largely used to control respiratory diseases in this species (30,32).…”

“…Vanhoof et al (35) and Butzler and Skirrow (7) observed that aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol and tetracyclines have a good activity on isolates of C. jejuni from domestic animals. However, the occurrence of strains resistant to tetracycline has been reported by several authors (2,14,27,34,35).…”

Campylobacter Jejuni Enterocolitis in Neonates

“…In this study we did not try to look for the source of campylobacter and route of transmission. Erythromycin is regarded as the drug of choice since Vanhoof's report in 1980 [28]. Salazar-Lindo et al [29] demonstrated that erythromycin shortens the duration of diarrhea if started early in the treatment plan.…”